How is Flammulina velutipes planted? the cultivation method of Flammulina velutipes

With the increasing market demand for Flammulina velutipes, the planting scale and quantity of Flammulina velutipes are also increasing, so the technology of planting Flammulina velutipes has to be improved day by day, and the requirements for the technical level of growers are getting higher and higher. Let's update the relevant knowledge of Flammulina velutipes cultivation with the editor.

How is Flammulina velutipes grown

1. Making bacterial bags

The production of bacterial bags requires plastic film bags, rings, cotton and so on. Polypropylene should be selected as the film bag for Flammulina velutipes. The specification is 38 cm long and 15-16 cm wide. The thickness of the film bag is 5-6 silk meters, and the quality of the plastic film bag has a great influence on the yield of Flammulina velutipes. Attention should be paid to the inspection of film quality. There are two kinds of rings: plastic rings and cardboard rings. Cotton for cotton stoppers should be exposed to the sun before use and stored in a dry and ventilated place.

2. Mixing material

There are two kinds of mixing materials, organic mixing and manual mixing. Special attention should be paid to mixing all kinds of culture materials and auxiliary materials well, as well as between culture materials and water. The specific practice is to weigh the required amount strictly according to the formula of the culture material. In addition to a small amount of sugar and other excipients soluble in water, dry mix the dry material evenly, and dissolve sugar and other soluble excipients in water at the same time. Diluted in proportion and sprayed on the culture material, spray and mix until the water content is suitable. The theoretical water content of the culture material for the cultivation of Flammulina velutipes is 58-65%, but it should be mastered according to the specific conditions because of the different kinds of culture materials and different dry and wet conditions. Usually check based on experience, the method is to hold the culture material into a ball, fall to the ground and spread out, and it is appropriate to squeeze the culture material tightly with the thumb, index finger and middle finger.

3. Loading

At present, there is no special bagging machine for Flammulina velutipes cultivation in China, and the charging machine can be used for Lentinus edodes sawdust cultivation. The specific operation of manual loading is to put a small amount of culture material into the bag, press the two corners at the bottom of the bag with thumb and index finger, so that the bottom is square so that the bag can stand upright, and then continue loading and compaction. In order to shorten the mycelium culture time, you can put a conical stick about 1 cm in diameter in a plastic bag when loading. After the material is fully compacted, gently rotate to take out the stick. After the material is loaded, put on the ring and plug the cotton plug, and then sterilize. The amount of nourishment accounts for about 3% of the total length of the bag, leaving 15-20 cm at the end of the bag.

4. Sterilization

Flammulina velutipes grass bag cultivation is clinker cultivation, that is, sterilization pot or stove should be used for sterilization. When sterilizing, those sterilized by pressure cooker should be kept for 1.5 hours under the pressure of 1.5kg / cm, and those sterilized by atmospheric furnace should be kept for 10 hours when the temperature of the culture material in the culture bag in the furnace reaches 100 ℃. After sterilization, open the exhaust hole to cool down gradually, and then open the furnace door to get out of the bag.

5. Inoculation

Flammulina velutipes bag inoculation is usually carried out in a sterilized inoculation box. If there is no inoculation box, the inoculation can also be carried out in the inoculation room according to the routine operation of edible fungi. For those vaccinated in the inoculation room, the inoculators should change into clean clothes before entering the inoculation room, and their hands and utensils should be sterilized with 70% alcohol. People should not go in and out until the bacteria are finished. The cultivated species of Flammulina velutipes should be carefully selected. if it is found that the strains with miscellaneous bacteria can not be used, the appropriate age should be less than 1.5 months. When inoculating, the mouth of the plastic bag should be close to the aseptic circle of alcohol lamp flame, and it would be better to inoculate more. A small number of bacteria are connected to the human hole, and most of the bacteria are distributed on the surface of the culture medium, so that each bottle of original seed can be inoculated with about 40 bags.

Three principles of Flammulina velutipes cultivation

First, to ensure the quality of Flammulina velutipes. If the quality is poor, the price will not be high, and there is a wide gap in price. Only by constantly improving product quality, operating in good faith and building a brand, can we achieve high returns.

The second is to choose the appropriate time to produce mushrooms. Most of the cultivated Flammulina velutipes belonged to low temperature varieties, the optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 18 ~ 23 ℃, and the optimum temperature for mushroom bud formation was 6 ~ 8 ℃, which was generally suitable for cultivation from October to April of the following year. Flammulina velutipes on the market early, the price is high, but the premature temperature is high and easy to burn bacteria, the risk is very high, only moderate advance is advocated.

Third, mushrooms should be produced in batches to reduce market risk. The market of Flammulina velutipes is unstable and the price changes rapidly. in order to catch up with the high price as much as possible and get the best benefit, it is best to produce mushrooms in batches, about 10 days, so that the high price period of the market is consistent with the peak period of production.

The method of replenishing nutrition for Flammulina velutipes

1. For the flat cultivated Flammulina velutipes, because the mouth of the bag is up, the mushroom farmers who grow Flammulina velutipes in this mode can dissolve in water according to the proportion of 300 times the energy of the mushroom ear or 200 times the mushroom growth rate, and then directly pour the nutrient solution into the material bag with a ladle or kettle, and let the nutrient solution naturally seep into the culture material. After 2-3 days, check whether the nutrient solution is all infiltrated into the culture material. For the nutrient solution that has not completely infiltrated into the culture material, the mushroom farmer should pour it out, put it into a container and take it out of the shed, and then manage it according to the management method of the first tide mushroom. It can promote the yield of Flammulina velutipes.

2. For Flammulina velutipes planted in three-dimensional cultivation, because all the bags lie horizontally and together, the mouth of the bag faces to one side, so the mushroom farmer must use a hydrating needle to replenish water. Mushroom farmers can put the prepared mushroom ear high energy or mushroom nutrient solution into a bucket, and then use a miniature water pump to pressurize the nutrition hydraulic pressure into the Flammulina velutipes culture material, according to the supplement principle according to the number of mushrooms to replenish the nutrient liquid, do not inject too much nutrient solution.

Harvesting methods of Flammulina velutipes

When the stalk is 13-14cm long, neat, the cap diameter is about 1cm, the edge is curled, there is no distortion, the stalk cap is not absorbent, the stalk root is clear, round and thick, all pure white, the mushroom body is strong, and the water content is not too much.

Check the water content of the bacterial cap a few days before harvest. If it contains a lot of water, ventilation should be carried out 2 days before harvest to promote water evaporation. After harvest, the part of the culture medium connected to the base of the stalk and the culture medium and the poorly growing mushrooms were removed and packed according to the market requirements, or sealed with polyethylene film bag and preserved at low temperature. After the second tide of mushrooms, in order to improve the yield and quality, the bacteria can be removed and bagged, or the mouth of the original bag can be closed and the other end can be opened to produce mushrooms.

The cultivation of Flammulina velutipes should not only grasp the initial stage of cultivation, but also achieve the supremacy of customers and benefits. Therefore, when planting Flammulina velutipes, we should take good care of the quality of Flammulina velutipes and improve the quality and quality of Flammulina velutipes. On this basis, we can maximize the planting benefits of Flammulina velutipes.