How to grow mushrooms? mushroom planting techniques

There are many kinds of mushrooms as fungi, and most of them are small and flexible in shape, fresh and tender in taste and delicious in taste. Because mushrooms belong to fungi, the planting methods of different varieties of mushrooms are roughly similar. Here, the editor has sorted out the general planting methods of mushrooms for your reference.

Mushroom planting technology

1. Choose a glass container with a lid and an old fish tank. Styrofoam, glass containers, and even trays covered with wet newspapers can be used to grow mushrooms. If there is a dark basement in the house, the container does not need a lid. But pay attention to the place where the container should have a certain temperature control ability (such as air-conditioned room), the container should have a certain depth, about 15 cm deep is enough.

2. Filling the container with cultivation medium mushrooms, unlike plants, cannot make their own nutrients through photosynthesis. You need to make a nutrient bed for growing mushrooms in containers for their growth and nutrients. The material of the mixed bed can be bought or made by yourself. Cottonseed shell, corncob, sawdust, grass powder, lotus seed shell and so on are all good nutrition bed materials. Note that sprinkling a small amount of lime on the substrate is of great help to the growth of mushrooms, and attention should be paid to disinfection to prevent pollution.

3. The spores of growing mushrooms are like the seeds of plants. You can plant the spores to a depth of about 5 centimeters of the substrate. Of course, you can sprinkle mushroom spores and then pile compost on top.

4. Keep the room temperature until the mycelium germinates and keep the room temperature at about 21 degrees Celsius. The temperature can be adjusted by using an air-conditioned room or by direct sunlight. It will take about 3 weeks, and you will see thin white mycelia like cobwebs appear on the medium. At this point, it is necessary to lower the room temperature to 16 degrees Celsius and cover 2 to 3 centimeters of basin soil.

5. Spraying the soil surface to keep the soil slightly moist is necessary for the growth of mushrooms. You should spray the soil surface frequently to maintain moisture. Especially in some places in a dry environment. You can also cover it with a wet cloth and spray it regularly to keep it hydrated.

6. Maintain soil moisture and temperature for 3-4 weeks. During this period, you should be careful not to be contaminated by other toxic fungi or viruses. If there are some small black spots on the culture medium or the mushrooms that grow look particularly muddy and slimy, you have to re-cultivate them.

7. The time to harvest mushrooms and pick mushrooms is very important. The lid is not fully opened, or the mushroom that does not break and wither after opening is a good mushroom, with the best taste and just the right maturity. Be careful not to pull the mushrooms out of the base, as this will soften the substrate and affect the growth of other mushrooms and damage the young. Break them near the base or cut them with a knife.

The nutritional composition of mushroom

Mushrooms have high nutritional value and are rich in amino acids, proteins and other nutrients. The nutritional contents of mushrooms per 100 grams are 20 calories, 2.7 grams of protein, 0.1 grams of fat, 4.1 grams of carbohydrates, 2.1 grams of dietary fiber, micrograms of vitamin A2, 10 micrograms of carotene, 0.43 milligrams of vitamin B, 4 milligrams of nicotinic acid, 2.1 milligrams of pantothenic acid, 2.1 milligrams of vitamin C2, 0.56 milligrams of vitamin E, 6 milligrams of calcium, 94 milligrams of phosphorus, 312 milligrams of potassium, 8.3 milligrams of sodium, Magnesium 11 mg, iron 1.2 mg, zinc 0.92 mg, selenium 0.55 mg, copper 0.49 mg, manganese 0.11 mg.

The benefits of eating mushrooms

1. improve the immunity of the body

The active components of mushrooms can enhance the function of T lymphocytes, thus improving the immune function of the body against various diseases.

2. Analgesia, sedation

Act-2, a substance extracted from mushrooms by a research institute in Brazil, has analgesic and sedative effects, and its analgesic effect can replace morphine.

3. Relieving cough and resolving phlegm

The mushroom extract was used in animal experiments, and it was found that it had obvious antitussive and thinning effect on sputum.

4. Anti-cancer

Japanese researchers have analyzed a super-powerful anticancer substance with a molecular weight of 288 among the active ingredients of mushrooms, which can inhibit the growth of cancer cells, and its effect is 1000 times stronger than that of green tea. Mushrooms also contain a toxic protein that can effectively block the protein synthesis of cancer cells.

5. Defecation and detoxification

Mushrooms contain crude fiber, semi-crude fiber and lignin, which are difficult for the human body to digest, which can maintain intestinal moisture, absorb the remaining cholesterol and sugar, and expel them out of the body to prevent constipation, bowel cancer and arteriosclerosis. Diabetes and so on are very beneficial.

Common mushroom species

1. Agaricus bisporus

Agaricus bisporus is also known as white mushroom, mushroom, foreign mushroom, etc., producers and operators in Europe and the United States are often called ordinary cultivated mushrooms or button mushrooms, which are cultivated and consumed all over the world. They are called "world mushrooms" and can be sold, canned and salted. Hyphae are also used as raw materials for pharmaceuticals.

2. Lentinus edodes

Lentinus edodes is a kind of fungus growing on wood, also known as flower mushroom, mushroom, incense fungus and so on. It is the fruiting body of mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus, the second largest edible fungus in the world, and one of the specialties of our country. Delicious, fragrant, nutritious, rich in vitamin B group, iron, potassium, provitamin D (converted to vitamin D after the sun) and so on.

3. Pleurotus ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus is a kind of quite common gray edible mushroom, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus oyster, etc., is a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus family of basidiomycetes, which is rich in nutrients, containing 20 grams of protein per 100 grams, and a complete variety of amino acids. Mineral content is very rich, with the effect of expelling wind and dispelling cold, relaxing muscles and activating collaterals. Moreover, the protein polysaccharide in Pleurotus ostreatus has a strong inhibitory effect on cancer cells and can enhance the immune function of the body.

4. Flammulina velutipes

Flammulina velutipes, also known as Flammulina velutipes, has a high medicinal and dietary effect. It is widely distributed in nature, such as China, Japan, Russia, Europe, North America, Australia and so on. In China, it is suitable for the growth of Flammulina velutipes from Heilongjiang in the north, Yunnan in the south, Jiangsu in the east and Xinjiang in the west.

5. Straw mushroom

Straw mushroom is the third largest cultivated edible mushroom in the world, also known as delicious straw mushroom, delicious bract mushroom, orchid mushroom and so on. It is named because it often grows in wet and rotten straw. It originated from Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province. It was artificially cultivated in China 300 years ago. In the 1930s, overseas Chinese were introduced to all countries in the world. China is mostly produced in Guangdong and Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Taiwan and other places, with fat, thick meat, short handle, smooth taste.

The reason why mushrooms have become a great mountain treasure is that the existence of mushrooms not only provides people with a rich taste and food experience, but also provides the human body with many necessary nutrients, so it is very good to eat a variety of fungi in daily life.