How to grow Auricularia auricula

Auricularia auricula is a kind of very delicious gelatinous edible fungus, which not only has high edible value but also has certain medicinal value. At the same time, Auricularia auricula is delicious and delicate, crisp and refreshing to eat, so it is deeply loved and sought after by everyone. So do you know how black fungus is planted?

How to grow Auricularia auricula

Tunnel cultivation can be divided into two types: deep pit and shallow pit. Deep pits, when digging pits, it is very convenient to manage, and the output is very high; shallow pits, easy to dig, troublesome management, average output.

① deep pit cultivation: dig one meter wide and one meter deep, depending on the topography and the number of earwood. The dug-out mound clung to the edge of the pit to increase the depth of the pit. The top of the pit is made of bamboo or sticks to form a bow or "human" bow frame, covered with branches or planted in advance with green climbing plants, such as balsam pear, beans, tomatoes and so on. A narrow trench is dug on each side of the bottom of the pit for drainage, and the middle is used as a management aisle. Put a thin stone or brick cushion earwood between the gutter and the aisle, or lay a layer of coarse sand cushion earwood. Each of the two walls of the tunnel is 80 centimeters away from the cushion stone, and each end of the crossbar uses a short wood 80 centimeters long as a pillar.

Put one end of the earwood on the crossbar and the other on the cushion stone so that the earwood is placed obliquely on the two walls of the tunnel. Deep pit cultivation is little affected by external adverse climate, humidity is also easy to ensure, water spraying and harvesting are very convenient. When the temperature drops in late autumn, the shade on the shade can be removed and covered with film for heat preservation cultivation to prolong the harvest time. Deep pit cultivation is a cultivation method with high yield at present.

② shallow pit cultivation method: dig a shallow pit with a width of one meter and a depth of 33 cm, put a sleeper on each side of the pit bottom, put the earwood vertically and horizontally on the sleeper, and then put the sleeper row on the second floor, then put on the bow frame, and cover the film or branches according to the climate, because there is no management aisle in the pit and the gap between the ceiling and the bottom of the pit is too low, it is impossible to enter directly, so turning and harvesting need to remove the cover first. After management and harvest, it is covered, so it is much more troublesome than deep-pit cultivation management, and the yield is not as good as deep-pit cultivation.

Scientific planting technique of Auricularia auricula

1. Seed production: there are sawdust bacteria and branch bacteria, the former is made of sawdust and wheat bran, the latter is cut into 1.5cm long with branches of 1cm in diameter, sucrose, rice bran and other nutrients are added, sterilized under high pressure after bottling, and inserted into the mother species, cultured at 25-28 ℃ for 1 month, the hyphae can grow full of bottles.

2. Earwood preparation: earwood should be prepared after the cultivation site is selected. the commonly used earwood species are trees of Duccinellidae and Betula platyphylla. Ear trees with a diameter of 10 cm and 12 cm at breast height are selected and cut into 1-1.2 m long section after felling. The cross section is brushed with new lime and then placed in a ventilated and sunny place.

3. Inoculation: the tools used for inoculation should be disinfected with ethanol in advance. First on the earwood, drill the hole 1.5 cm vertically with a distance of 7 cm. If you use sawdust bacteria, you should fill the hole and cover the prefabricated bark cover tightly. After the branch strain is inserted into the inoculation hole, it is hammered so that it is flat to the surface of the wood and has no pores.

4. Colonization management: first of all, the bacteria should be piled up, and the earwood should be stacked according to the shape of "well" or "mountain". The suitable temperature in the reactor is 20-28 ℃, and the relative humidity is kept at about 80%. It takes 4 to 5 weeks in the north and 3 to 4 weeks in the south. When the mycelium has extended to the xylem and a small number of ear buds are produced, it should be scattered in time.

5, bulk display: generally use a flat layout, with sleepers to set up one end or both ends of the earwood, neatly arranged on the cultivation field, after about 1 month can be off the shelf. The scaffolding generally uses the "human" zigzag method, first burying two bifurcated stakes, leaving 70 centimeters high on the ground, a crossbar is placed horizontally on the sun, and the earwood stands obliquely on both sides of the crossbar. Show "person" shape, distance 7 centimeters, angle about 45 °is appropriate, sunny day or new ear wood angle can be larger, rainy day or next year ear wood angle should be smaller.

Cultivation conditions of Auricularia auricula

Auricularia auricula is a saprophytic mesophilic fungus. The mycelium can grow between 6-36 ℃, but 22-32 ℃ is the most suitable; 15-27 ℃ can differentiate into entities, but 20-24 ℃ is the most suitable. Lushi County of Henan Province is because of the good natural environment to create Lushi Auricularia auricula as its geographical protection products. The hyphae can grow in cultivation materials and segments with a water content of 60% to 70%. When the fruiting body is formed, the water content of the earwood is more than 70%, and the air relative humidity is 90% and 95%. The hyphae can grow normally in the dark, and the light intensity of 250~1000lx is needed during the fruiting body growth period. PH5~5.6 is the most suitable for aerobic fungi.

Pest control

The main bacteria harmful to Auricularia auricula are charcoal ring, hemp charcoal, phloem, red red suppository, villous suppository and so on. The main pests are pseudo-walking insects, branch borer, four-spotted beautiful (insect beetle), thrips and so on. Quicklime (100x liquid), bacilli (100x liquid) and zinc chloride (1:50 liquid) can be used to prevent and control miscellaneous bacteria pollution. In addition, pyrethrum, Tripterygium wilfordii and other biological pesticides can be used to control insect pests.

Through the above content, I believe you have a certain understanding of Auricularia auricula planting technology. Auricularia auricula is not only easy to grow, but also has a high yield, easy to grow, and has a wide range of sales channels in the market, so the prospect of planting Auricularia auricula is quite considerable.