How to grow Jerusalem artichoke planting methods and matters needing attention

Jerusalem artichoke is a very common food in our life. Ginger is a planting project that started a long time ago in our country, but most of the planting scale is small, based on meeting the consumption of the family. However, with the gradual development of the efficacy and function of Jerusalem artichoke, the number and scale of planting Jerusalem artichoke are also growing.

How to grow Jerusalem artichoke

Jerusalem artichoke is a cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant plant, which can tolerate low temperature. When breeding, pay attention to enough light. The requirement of choosing soil is not high, but acid soil, swamp and saline-alkali land are not suitable for planting.

Planting methods and matters needing attention of Jerusalem artichoke

1. Weeding

Weeding can reduce the competition for nutrients between other plants and Jerusalem artichoke, especially after Jerusalem artichoke emergence, it is necessary to replenish seedlings and weed in time. After sowing, the soil can be loosened within 30-40 days, and the depth can be controlled within a certain range, combined with loosening soil for weeding. Weeding creates good conditions for the growth and development of tubers.

2. Fertilization

Jerusalem artichoke itself does not have high requirements for soil and fertilizer, so it is OK not to apply fertilizer after growing up. The growth period of Jerusalem artichoke needs to be fertilized twice: the first time around the end of May, urea is applied to promote the seedlings to produce more new branches; the second time in the early budding stage, potassium sulfate is applied and watered later.

3. Cultivate the soil

Cultivate the soil and weed in time after spring emergence or rain.

4. Watering

Jerusalem artichoke needs watering at seedling stage, jointing stage, budding stage and tuber expansion stage. Generally, it can be watered in mid-April, late May, mid-August and mid-October to promote tuber expansion. In the normal year of precipitation in the central semi-arid region, as long as there is no serious drought, it does not need to be watered. If it is dry in summer and autumn, water can be watered in mid-late August.

5. Pick buds

Jerusalem artichoke needs to remove the buds during the period of tuber growth and expansion, which can promote tuber expansion.

Propagation methods of Jerusalem artichoke

I. Propagation methods of Jerusalem artichoke tubers

Specific operation: after harvesting tubers in autumn and winter, choose about 20 to 25 grams of tubers to sow, or you can store sand to prepare seeds. In addition to autumn and winter, tubers of the right size can also be dug up and sown after the soil is thawed in spring.

2. Methods of sowing and propagation of Jerusalem artichoke

1. Sowing time

It can be sowed and propagated in spring, sowing by hole sowing or furrow sowing. After loosening the soil, it is necessary to apply an appropriate amount of base fertilizer for sowing, and after sowing, cover the soil to smooth the hole.

2. Field management

After emergence, the seeds should be properly fertilized and watered according to the principle of "dry and wet", and weeding should be carried out in the middle tillage. When the stem and leaf growth is too luxuriant, the top of the plant can be removed, which can promote the expansion of the tuber. Jerusalem artichoke rarely occurs diseases and insect pests, if aphids appear in very dry times, they can be sprayed with water.

Harvest and storage of Jerusalem artichoke

1. Harvest: it is the period of rapid growth of Jerusalem artichoke tubers after autumn. When the leaves and stems of Jerusalem artichoke are completely frozen to death by frost in early October, underground tubers can be harvested. Using manual or mechanical methods, Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be removed from the soil. If you use Jerusalem artichoke in the second spring, you can cut off the Jerusalem artichoke stem after autumn without collecting Jerusalem artichoke tubers, but take it out as early as possible in the second spring, otherwise it will germinate quickly (the ground temperature begins to germinate at 2 ℃), affecting the quality of Jerusalem artichoke.

2. Storage: dig a shallow cellar in autumn, put Jerusalem artichoke in, then sprinkle with sand to maintain humidity and adequate ventilation, and then cover with 5m thick soil, do not let Jerusalem artichoke exposed. Straw handle can be used to make several ventilation holes when stored in large quantities. Jerusalem artichoke begins to hibernate below 0 ℃, and is afraid of heat and cold during winter storage. as long as it is covered with soil,-50 ℃ will not freeze to death, and it can still germinate and grow in the second year.

3. Transport: the packaging of Jerusalem artichoke can generally be packed in plastic woven bags, that is, breathable and moisturizing, generally placed for 10 to 20 days. Transport can be carried by automobile or rail. Using motor transport, Jerusalem artichoke should be covered with cloths to avoid excessive water loss. It is best to choose ventilated wagons for railway transportation. If you choose shipping, the shipping time of Jerusalem artichoke should be no more than 30 days under the condition of good ventilation and low temperature.

The planting method of Jerusalem artichoke has been systematically described in this paper, but if we want to master the planting method of Jerusalem artichoke completely and systematically, the actual planting and the accumulation of experience in the planting process are essential, and practice is the source of true knowledge.