Poverty alleviation "back-to-back" turns to "hand in hand"

After several days of gloom, the sky finally cleared up, and the cold air in the valley was swept away. At the demonstration base of Xingnong traditional Chinese Medicine Cooperative in Huibao Village, Doba Town, Yinjiang County, Guizhou Province, the Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz planted at the beginning of the year has reached the harvest season. on the slope, several farmers were uprooted and knocked on the soil, and the tubers that had been sleeping for nearly a year were fattened, simple and lovely. "now the base has 400 mu, and it also drives more than 400 households around more than 3600 mu of land to grow medicinal materials. Atractylodes alone can increase the average household income by 4000 yuan." Zhang Jun, chairman of the cooperative, held out four fingers with confidence.

Distinguish demand, launch credit loan and guaranteed loan

The co-operative is now on the right track, but it has stumbled in the early days. "at that time, I heard that growing medicine made money, but as a result, I didn't know the technology and couldn't find the market. I lost all my 100000 yuan." Zhang Jun said, "later, when we learned the lesson and made a comeback, the capital became an old difficulty. Thanks to the small discount loans in the county, we got 50,000 yuan without mortgage guarantee, which met the urgent needs." Now the cooperative is growing, and the line of credit is getting higher and higher. this year, it has borrowed 300000 yuan from the credit union to be used as working capital. "

Yinjiang is a key county in the national poverty alleviation and development work. Up to now, there are still 93700 poor people, accounting for more than 20% of the total population of the county. In order to achieve the goal of synchronizing a well-off society in 2020, time is tight and the task is heavy; however, due to the small total amount of existing financial poverty alleviation funds, it is difficult to meet the needs of infrastructure construction and industrial development of the whole county. In this context, Yinjiang gives full play to the role of financial poverty alleviation funds by expanding the scope and intensity of support.

According to Wu Hongqiang, director of the characteristic Industrial Office of the Poverty Alleviation Office in Yinjiang County, Yinjiang made a distinction according to the needs of different loan entities. "We will implement a preferential financial policy for poor households with archival cards to develop their industries, and provide 'unsecured and unsecured' credit loans of less than 50,000 yuan within a time limit of three years. At least 15% of the poverty alleviation funds allocated by the central and provincial finance will be discounted in full or in part."

In view of some large industrial or agricultural leading enterprises with relatively large demand for funds, Yinjiang set up a Huimin guarantee company with a financial contribution of 50 million yuan as a guarantee platform to actively strive for the development financial poverty alleviation projects of the State Development Bank. So far, it has received more than 130 million yuan of industrial poverty alleviation loans from the Guizhou Branch of the China Development Bank, benefiting 706 peasant households, 6 small and medium-sized enterprises and 10 farmers' professional cooperatives.

Give full play to the joint efforts of poverty alleviation funds and credit funds

"the original financial poverty alleviation funds and the investment of credit funds of financial institutions do not know each other and lack coordination and communication. You invest in this village and I invest in that village, and you invest in sheep and I plant tea, and the overall benefit is not obvious." Yan Fang Jun, director of the Financial Management Department of the people's Bank of Yinjiang County, said.

Now, financial poverty alleviation project funds and credit funds have begun to move from "back-to-back" to "hand in hand". According to the documents issued by the county, credit funds and financial funds jointly support poverty alleviation and development in accordance with the principle of "mutual integration, each fulfilling his responsibilities, and each taking his own merits". Every year, the county budget or the overall financial reward and subsidy fund of 10 million yuan, used for "one high one special" (tea, traditional Chinese medicine, tourism and other efficient characteristic agricultural industries) project loan discount.

"through the Financial Poverty Alleviation Joint Conference, banks and credit cooperatives have incorporated all 'one high, one special' agricultural industrial projects and poverty alleviation projects compiled by the Poverty Alleviation Office and other units into the" Financial Poverty Alleviation Project Bank "and carry out two-way recommendation, joint screening, and selective support." Fang Jun said.

Yinjiang's financial poverty alleviation innovation is not limited to credit funds alone. In order to activate rural factors of production and innovate financing methods, Yinjiang carried out "three rights" mortgage to invigorate rural resources and assets such as forest rights, land contractual management rights, rural homestead and rural housing, and strive to find a way to solve the difficult problem of rural financing.

On the dam in front of the Edible Mushroom Professional Cooperative in Caitang Village, Banxi Town, the ground is covered with shiitake mushrooms that have just been picked from the greenhouse. In the house, Zhou Gang, chairman of the cooperative, is discussing with several major shareholders about the dividend at the end of the year, hesitating whether to give more dividends to farmers who buy shares, or to accumulate more funds to expand production in the coming year.

"as the cooperative benefits are relatively good in recent years, more and more farmers take land or cash to buy shares, not only to get dividends at the end of the year, but also to work on the base to earn a salary." Zhou Gang said, "the net profit per mu of land this year is about 15000 yuan. According to the 30 per cent dividend last year, farmers who buy shares will get about 5000 yuan per mu of land."

Driven by the leading cooperative, the per capita net income of local villagers is also rising, and it is expected to reach 7200 yuan this year.

The bad debt is increasing and the risk compensation mechanism needs to be landed urgently.

In order to improve the pertinence and accuracy of the flow of poverty alleviation funds and projects, on the basis of visiting poor households, the poor are reasonably divided into six types of farmers, such as "agricultural farmers, industrial workers, commerce and trade, cooperative development, professional skills, and policy guarantee."

"by giving different needs of policies, credit and technology to different types of population, the county has steadily achieved the effect of lifting more than 10,000 people out of poverty every year in recent years." Wu Guocai, deputy secretary of the Yinjiang county party committee, said.

Yinjiang really tasted the benefits of tripartite cooperation among government, banking, enterprises (farmers). In the words of Li Fangjun, "the willingness of all parties to cooperate has been significantly enhanced, and the scope and ways of cooperation have expanded rapidly." However, while financial poverty alleviation is widely recognized by the local government and the poor, the relevant mechanisms still need to be further improved.

"at present, commercial banks still have few kinds of loans to rural areas and tend to issue 'high-quality customers', but there is still a big gap between the poor and the high quality." Luo Fangjun said, "the credit support funds need to repay the principal and interest when they are due, while the financial support funds are basically free, but in practice, some farmers think that both do not need to be returned. Even if the bank urges the money, it will be waived for a period of time."

In order to improve the enthusiasm of financial institutions, the Yinjiang County government has explored and established a guarantee and risk compensation mechanism. "however, the specific proportion of this part is not clear, and financial institutions face a greater risk of default." Xia Wenjun, deputy director of rural credit cooperatives in Yinjiang County, is concerned about whether the risk compensation mechanism can actually be landed. "now the bad debts of the credit cooperatives have reached nearly 10 million yuan, and now they can only digest themselves internally."

At the same time, the discount of employment and entrepreneurial loans is also slow in place. "it is mainly due to the slow availability of discount funds from the central government, which affects the issuance of loans for employment and entrepreneurship." Xia Wenjun said.