How to grow crystal grapes Crystal grape planting technology and precautions

Crystal grape is a kind of grape, which can be seen in many parts of our country at present. The appearance of crystal grapes is small and pale cyan. From a distance, it looks like glittering and translucent small crystals, so it has the origin of the name. Now there are many people who want to grow crystal grapes, but before planting, you must want to know its planting technology most.

How to grow crystal grapes

1, first of all, to dig a good planting ditch along the fixed planting line, 60 cm wide and 60 cm deep. At the bottom of the ditch, you can put a layer of weeds and straw, then put in 5000 kg of soil fertilizer mixed with the topsoil, then apply 100kg calcium superphosphate, and finally backfill all the soil, make ridges, irrigate the soil, and after the soil is loose, flatten the border surface and preserve soil moisture in preparation for planting. Every certain distance to set up a post, live on the wire into a line to form a fence, called a fence.

2. Secondly, the height of the post is determined according to the distance between rows. If the row spacing is 1.7 meters, the total length of the column is 2.2 meters, 0.5 meters is buried in the soil, 1.7 meters above the ground; if the row spacing is 1.5 meters, the total length of the column is 2 meters, 0.5 meters buried in the soil, 1.5 meters above ground. The distance between posts cannot be determined uniformly because of the different lengths of the parcels. In areas with frequent storms, it is appropriate to take about 6 meters and 7-8 meters in other areas.

3. When burying columns, they should be steadfast in layers and walk in a straight line. Cement column is better, with 6 cm × 12 cm in thickness and width. When making a column, put 3-4 cold-drawn wires of 3.3 cm in it. Finally, pull up the wire and generally pull three wires. The first lane from the ground, 60 centimeters above the ground. After leaving 10 centimeters at the top of the column, the other two wires can be pulled up at an equal distance. Before pulling the wire, the pillars at each end of the ground pull a stone. The wire should be tightened with a tensioner, and then fastened with a tie wire on each post.

Crystal grape planting technology and matters needing attention

First, planting techniques:

1. Variety selection. It is necessary to choose virus-free seedlings with certain stress resistance, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests and relatively high quality.

2. Planting. Seedling quality shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of NY/469-2001. When selecting grape seedlings, we should choose those first-class seedlings that are more robust without disease symptoms, and simply deal with the seedlings before planting, that is, the commonly used disinfectant for the main stem of the seedlings is Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture or 1% copper sulfate, soak the seedlings 1-2min, rinse with clean water and then plant (note that the root system can not touch the stone sulfur mixture). Planting density: the row spacing of hedgerows is 3.5m-4m × 1.5m-2.0m, 83-127plants per 667m2. The row spacing of the hedgerow in the middle wall was 1.0-2.0m × 2.0m-3.0m, and 111m-333plants were planted per 667m2.

2. points for attention:

Whether it is planting in the field or in the courtyard, it is necessary to first prepare the land, apply enough water and fertilizer, and select and sow seeds. New high-fat film should be sprayed to enhance fertilizer efficiency, maintain moisture, promote germination and promote seedling emergence. To build a good scaffolding, the principle is not only to facilitate the operation under the shelf, but also to improve the coverage of the shelf. The scaffolding should be finished before emergence or transplanting.

Crystal grape field management

Keep the orchard clean. Cleaning the orchard is the fundamental measure to eliminate grape diseases and insect pests. It is required to concentrate on the spring and autumn seasons every year, and the withered branches and leaves cut off in winter, the old skin peeled off from the vines, cleaned, burned or buried deeply, so as to reduce the harm of the following year. When diseases and insect pests are found in the long season, diseased branches, ears, grains and leaves should also be cut off in time and carefully, and immediately destroyed to prevent further spread.

2. Improve the ventilation and light transmission condition of the shelf surface. Grape shelf surface branches and leaves are too dense, ear retention is too much, ventilation and light transmission is poor, prone to diseases and insect pests. Therefore, it is necessary to tie the vines and remove the auxiliary tips in time to create good ventilation and light transmission conditions. Ears close to the ground can be properly hoisted with a rope to prevent diseases and insect pests.

3. Strengthen the management of water and fertilizer. Fertilization and irrigation must be determined according to the growth and development needs of fruit trees and soil fertility. The application of organic fertilizer or inorganic compound fertilizer can enhance the excessive fertilizer of fruit trees, insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, soil stagnant water or drought, and promote the occurrence of diseases and insect pests; in low-lying orchards, we should pay attention to drainage and waterlogging, and promote the normal growth of plant roots, which is beneficial to enhance the stress resistance of trees.

4. Deep turning and weeding. Combined with the deep application of basic fertilizer, the pests and bacteria on the soil surface can be buried in the fertilizer application ditch to reduce the source of diseases and insects. And the pupae, cocoons and larvae in the soil near the root of the grape plant should be dug out and killed centrally. The residual branches, leaves and weeds in the orchard are the places where diseases and pests survive the winter and multiply, in order to reduce the damage of diseases and insect pests.

How to prevent and cure blackpox of crystal grape

1. Select suitable varieties according to local conditions. Improve the distribution position of branches on the surface of the trellis, or use scaffolding cultivation instead. Reduce the chance of onset. During the dormant period, the garden was cleared thoroughly, diseased branches, leaves and ears were removed, and the source of infection was reduced.

2. Spray Baume 5-degree stone sulfur mixture and 0.3% ~ 0.5% pentachlorophenol sodium mixture or spray 10% ammonium sulfate solution during bud expansion to eradicate overwintering bacteria.

3. Spray 200% 240 times lime half-dose Bordeaux liquid before and after flowering to protect flower and fruit ears; in the later stage, 50% chlorothalonil 500 times solution and Bordeaux solution can be used alternately. Remove the heart and wipe off the accessory tip in time to reduce the infection of young tissue.

When planting crystal grapes, we must do a good job in site selection, and then choose a good variety to plant. The management after planting is also very important, timely fertilizer and water and weeding are very important, in the later stage, we also need to strengthen the prevention and control of black pox, only in this way can we ensure its growth.