How to grow papaya papaya planting methods and precautions

Papaya is a kind of temperature-loving fruit, so it is the longest to be seen in the coastal areas of China. Papaya has rich taste and high nutritional value, and its sales on the market in recent years are very good, so it attracts a lot of people to plant, regardless of before planting, what we most want to know is its planting method.

How to grow papaya

1. Seed treatment before sowing: it is best to disinfect the seeds with 500-fold solution of topiramate, and then soak the seeds with 1% sodium bicarbonate for 4 hours after washing to improve the germination rate. After the fish is washed with clean water, it is placed in a thermostat of 32 degrees Celsius to promote germination. When the seed coat is cracked and white, it is taken out and sown. If the farmers do not have the above conditions, soak the seeds in warm water for 12 hours, remove and wash them, wrap them with clean towels and place them on the stove (mainly for heat preservation). Check twice in the morning and evening and keep them moisturized. after 4-5 days of seed cracking and whitening, you can sow seeds.

3. Sowing: the transfer of winter and spring is adopted, which is usually carried out in the greenhouse in the middle and late October. Put the prepared nutrient soil (available for vegetable seedlings) into a plate or nutrition bowl, then set it up in the seedling bed, press a small hole with your fingers to sow seeds, and sow one seed in each bowl. Cover the soil, water and cover the film after sowing. It is best to mix rotten barnyard manure or farm manure in the seedbed before sowing.

Planting methods and matters needing attention of papaya

1. Planting methods:

1. Seedling management: seedlings usually emerge about 10 days after sowing. Always keep the soil moist after emergence, but avoid getting too wet. When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, the moisture should be properly controlled. Topdressing should be carried out when 4 leaves are produced, once every 15 days.

2. Colonization: generally, it can be planted in the middle of February. Due to the large crown of papaya, wide rows can be used for dense planting, with a row spacing of 1.5 m × 2.5 m. Planting to dig deep holes, the general hole diameter of 60 cm, 40 cm deep. When planting, try not to loosen the mud when peeling off the nutrition cup, so as not to hurt the root, and finally drench the root water and cover the film.

2. points for attention:

As the temperature rises, attention should be paid to uncovering the film and ventilation to avoid burning seedlings. The film can be completely removed after May 1st. When the plant grows up, the amount of fertilizer should be increased gradually, and heavy fertilizer will be applied once a month during the period of fruit development from June to October. Under the strengthening of fertilization management, it can blossom and bear fruit in the middle of June.

Papaya field management

1. Intermediate ploughing and weeding: after planting and surviving, ploughing and weeding twice a year in combination with fertilization in spring and autumn, loosening the soil and removing weeds. Cultivate the soil when loosening the soil in winter to prevent freezing.

2. Topdressing: topdressing once before flowering in spring. First, a ring ditch was opened around the tree, each plant applied about 5 kg of human charred mud ash and soil fertilizer, or about 10 kg of human feces and urine, in order to promote growth and facilitate flowering and fruiting.

3. Pruning: it has a great influence on the flowering and fruiting of papaya, which should be carried out from December to March of the following year. Adult trees are pruned once a year, cutting off diseased branches, dead branches, old branches and overdense young branches, so as to keep the tree shape hollow and round, so as to blossom and bear more fruit. The old trees that have been more than 10 years old and have begun to weaken should be renewed. Before freezing, all the aboveground parts can be cut off to let the old roots grow seedlings and cultivate into new plants.

Common diseases and insect pests of papaya and their control

1. Leaf blight: the damage is serious from July to September, causing damage to leaves. Prevention and treatment methods: clean the countryside in winter; spray Bordeaux liquid with 1purl 100 at the initial stage of the disease.

2. Peach borer: eat fruit with larvae. Prevention and control methods: clean the countryside in winter; spray 2.5% of the enemy to kill 3000 times the liquid during the early hatching period of the larvae.

3. Longicorn beetles: the larvae eat the branches. Control methods: artificial hunting; cotton dipped in 80% dichlorvos EC into wormholes; release longicorn beetles with swollen legs.

Papaya must pay attention to seed selection when planting, and then carry on the seed germination treatment, and then choose a release time to plant. After planting, we also need to strengthen management, timely weeding, pruning and pest control are the inevitable conditions to ensure its growth.