How to grow bergamot planting techniques and matters needing attention

Bergamot, also known as bergamot, has the laudatory name of "the fairy in the fruit, the strange flower in the world". Bergamot this kind of food is quite common in our daily life, it is a kind of food with both medicine and food, and people are most familiar with its medicinal value. In fact, mastering the planting method of this kind of food and planting in the courtyard is also of great ornamental value.

How to grow bergamot

Suitable environment: like warm, humid climate. Like the light, but avoid the burning sun, not resistant to shade. Afraid of both drought and stagnant water. It is afraid of the cold, and the optimum temperature is 2535 degrees.

Culture methods: culture methods such as cutting, grafting, striping and so on. The cuttings are from late June to early July. Take the spring shoot on the strong mother plant, the autumn shoot as cuttings, obliquely inserted into the sandy soil 2/3, often keep moist. Grafting is usually carried out in the rainy season by relying on grafting and cutting abdomen. High-pressure strips are generally carried out from June to August, and the branches with exuberant growth are selected under high pressure.

Cultivation and nursing: like fertilizer, should be combined with watering and timely fertilization. It was applied once a week when spring shoots were produced, and twice a week in the peak growth period (from mid-June to mid-July), mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, less nitrogen fertilizer, 2-3 times a month. After fruit harvest, in order to restore the tree potential, promote flower bud differentiation, and be beneficial to blossom and fruiting in the coming year, it should be combined with watering.

Planting techniques and matters needing attention of bergamot

I. planting techniques

1. Temperature and light

The best growth temperature of bergamot is about 22-24 ℃, as long as the temperature is above 5 ℃, it can survive the winter safely. It is best to ensure that the annual sunshine hours of bergamot is between 1200 and 1800 hours.

2. Watering conditions

The humidity of bergamot is generally 70% and 90%. The root system of bergamot is shallow and needs to be watered frequently. The high temperature period in summer is the prosperous growth period of bergamot, which requires a lot of water, so it should be watered sooner or later, and spray water is used to improve the humidity of the surrounding air. After the beginning of autumn, the amount of water gradually decreased. The temperature in late winter and early spring is relatively low, due to slow indoor evaporation, watering should not be too frequent, generally can be watered every three or five days to keep the basin soil moist. In the initial stage of bergamot blooming and fruiting, watering should not be too much to prevent a large number of flowers and fruits.

3. Fertilizer status

Spring is the time for bergamot to produce new shoots, and fertilization should be light at this time. It is best to apply nitrogen fertilizer thinly once a week combined with watering. The summer bergamot flower multiplication fruit stilbene, needs the fertilizer quantity to be big, the fat degree should be thickened. In early autumn, phosphorus, potassium and calcium compound fertilizer should be applied, which is beneficial to improve the fruit setting rate. After picking the fruit, we should apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in time to supplement nutrition to the plant in order to restore growth and lay a good foundation for flowering and fruiting in the second year.

II. Points for attention

1. Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of bergamot are leaf moth, red spider, rust wall lice, scale insect, anthrax and so on. It is necessary to take "prevention first and comprehensive control". Once diseases and insect pests occur, corresponding measures should be taken in time to adjust daily maintenance measures and carry out chemical control.

2. Pruning work

Bergamot grows rapidly and has many branches, so it is necessary to do a good job of pruning and shaping every year to keep the tree growing vigorously and branches evenly distributed.

The method of fruitful bergamot

1. Pruning is needed to promote branching

The plant of bergamot needs to be heart-picked when it is growing, generally retaining 15-20cm in the lower part of the trunk and 3-5 axillary buds, which can sprout new branches and wait for new branches to grow to about 10cm. In this way, the crown can be expanded, and it can form a certain tree shape and enter the fruiting period ahead of time.

2. Maintenance during flowering period

First of all, picking flowers is when blooming, the extra bergamot flowers and early male flowers are removed, leaving only 1-2 flowers on each branch. Bergamot usually begins to blossom in March every year, and it is necessary to pick flowers during the flowering period, because it is generally better to keep 1-2 fruits on a branch, so when leaving flowers, only 2-3 flowers are retained and the rest are removed.

Fertilization is mainly spraying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the leaf surface, and borax should be sprayed during the full flowering period, which can promote leaf photosynthesis, promote nutrient accumulation and increase yield.

How to trim bergamot

1. Pruning principle

When pruning bergamot, cut off overdense cross branches, overlap branches, and cut off diseased, weak and withered branches. Pruning is best combined with changing pots. Generally, it can meet the requirements of uniform branches, reasonable distribution, ventilation and light transmission.

2. Spring pruning

Bergamot will grow new branches in March, which need to be pruned. In general, except for some branches that are used as supplementary space and those near the fruit branches, the remaining branches that do not need to be fruit branches can be cut off.

3. Summer pruning

The summer shoot of bergamot germinates after Grain Rain, so it is easy to compete for nutrients with spring fruit, and will affect the growth of autumn shoot of bergamot. Therefore, except for individual branches that need to be modeled, all the branches that grow in summer can be cut off.

4. Autumn pruning

When pruning bergamot in autumn, in addition to pruning those weak, stunted branches, other branches can be reserved as fruit branches. The key is to strengthen the maintenance of the branches of bergamot in autumn.

Through the above introduction, if you have mastered the planting method of bergamot, you might as well consider making a pot of bergamot and placing it at home. However, bergamot is a kind of light-loving and moist growth environment, so we should maintain the air humidity of the culture environment in the process of culture.