How to grow Lotus Fruit planting techniques and matters needing attention

Lianwu is a kind of fruit in Taiwan, of course, the area of planting lotus is also increasing. For example, Hainan has become a major producing area of lotus, and other provinces have gradually begun to plant lotus. The requirements of lotus growth on environmental elements should be less strict, so friends who are willing to plant can try!

How to grow lotus flowers

1. Variety selection

There are dozens of varieties of lotus. At present, the main varieties cultivated in Hainan are Taiwan black pearl and Thai red diamond. Taiwan black rhododendron flower is a pink variety, the fruit is drooping, bell-shaped, shiny, ripe fruit deep red, pulp white, because of its out-of-season cultivation of purple fruit, commonly known as black pearl, black King Kong. However, the pulp contains more cotton, and the fruit drop and fruit cracking are more serious in the rainy season. Nelumbo nucifera is a large fruit variety in Thailand, with opposite leaves, oval leaves, dark green leaves, large leaves and purple young leaves. The leaves are 20 cm long and 8 cm wide. The fruit of this variety is drooping, in the shape of a long bell, the surface is waxy and shiny, the fruit is dark red at maturity, the pulp is white and less spongy. Therefore, most growers choose to plant Thai red diamond lotus flower.

2. Suitable time for planting

The suitable planting method is wide row. Generally, the row spacing is 6 m, the plant spacing is 5 m, and the planting is about 330 plants / hm2. The row spacing specification can be selected according to the topography, and the dwarfing and dense planting can be considered, and the interplant can be thinned later. The planting hole is dug according to the selected plant distance, and the specification of the hole is 1 m in length, width and depth. Not less than 3040 kg of soil manure, green manure, barnyard manure and pig and cow manure were applied to each hole as base fertilizer and covered with soil. Generally, careful planting is carried out in spring or autumn, when Rain Water is sufficient and the survival rate of seedlings is high. First, dig a small hole in the middle of the planting hole that has been returned to the soil. when planting bagged seedlings, you must remove the nutrition bag and put it into the planting hole, then return to the soil and compaction, cover the soil to 2 cm at the root of the seedling. After planting, drench with water and cover with thatch or mango grass to moisturize. Drench in water every 2-3 days on sunny days until they survive.

Planting technology of lotus flower and matters needing attention

1. The temperature of lotus planting

Like warm and cold, the optimum growth temperature is 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, the winter temperature is too low, generally about 8 ℃, flowers and fruits will appear frost injury, resulting in falling flowers and fruits.

2. The light of lotus planting

Like sufficient sunlight to promote branch growth and nutrition accumulation, long sunshine is conducive to lotus blossom, the annual sunshine hours in 2000 to 2500 hours of lotus fog vegetative growth, nutrient accumulation, excellent quality and high yield, lotus fog like light is also shade-tolerant, but the fruit avoid strong light, therefore, lotus fog should keep more branches appropriately, do not let the strong light direct into the fruit.

3. Moisture content of lotus plant

Lotus fog avoid stagnant water and afraid of drought, the annual rainfall of 1500mm to 2000mm is more suitable for growth, and water is needed in different growth and development processes. Nelumbo nucifera needs more water in vegetative growth period and less water in reproductive development period, especially in the later stage of fruit development. During fruit ripening period, drought or too much overcast and rain are easy to drop fruit. In the early stage of fruit development, sudden rain after long high temperature and drought is easy to cause a large number of fruit cracking, and easy to cause diseases and insect pests. During fruit development, drought and lack of water, fruit is small and poor quality. Therefore, the lotus orchard should pay attention to the establishment of drainage and irrigation system to ensure that the orchard can be irrigated and drained in time.

4. The wind of lotus planting

The breeze is beneficial to the gas exchange in lotus orchard, increase the photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient accumulation of fruit trees, so as to enhance tree resistance and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Our city is often hit by typhoons, and it is best to build a protective forest for lotus planting.

5. The soil planted by lotus trees

Lotus fog is not strict on soil conditions, sandy soil, clay, red soil and slightly acidic or slightly alkaline soil can grow, but the growth of slightly acidic or neutral soil with deep, fertile and moist soil layer is the best.

Nutrition Management of Lotus Fruit

1. From September to October after successful flowering, the mother plant needs to apply 50% of the total lotus fog in the whole year (the total N-P2O5-K2O is 1 kg and 2 kg respectively), plus 10 kg of chicken, duck manure, cake compost or compost per plant.

2. From October to May of the second year, the remaining 50% nitrogen fertilizer and 25% phosphate fertilizer are applied in stages, and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron, copper, zinc and molybdenum are sprayed on the leaves every 15 to 20 days, which has an important effect on the quality and color of lotus mist.

3. The remaining phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied from June to July at the end of harvest. According to the application method, the basal fertilizer of the fruiting tree before flowering was used to open a ring-shaped fertilizer application ditch at the edge of the crown about 30cm to 60cm away from the trunk, about 15cm deep and 20cm wide, and covered with soil after fertilization. topdressing in other periods could be applied or spread along the outer edge of the crown.

Growth habits of Lotus Fruit

Nelumbo nucifera likes warmth and fears cold. The most suitable growth temperature is 25-30 ℃, and it will be frozen at 8 ℃. There is no frost damage in winter, the buds and young fruits will fall off due to cold injury at 7 °C, and the fruits close to harvest will also fall off at 10 °C. Soil requirements are not strict, but slightly alkaline, wetting and fertile clay is the most suitable (such as paddy land), land and dry land planting yield is low, quality is also poor.

The lotus flower adult tree is 3 meters high, evergreen every year, branch many times, blossom and bear fruit many times, the growth is big, the fruit is also many. It blossoms normally from March to May and the fruit is ripe from May to July. The flowering stage can be adjusted by special treatment, and the fruit ripening period can be advanced to December to April of the following year. In South China, it blossoms once from March to April, ripens fruit from May to June, blossoms twice in late July, ripens fruit from August to September, and blossoms and bears fruit in December. The fruit usually weighs 70-80 grams. Lianwu cultivation in Taiwan Province mostly implements the regulation of yield period, blossoming and fruiting 4-6 times a year, with a general yield of 5000 kg per mu.

It should be said that the output of lotus flower is actually quite considerable, and the nutritional value and efficacy are obvious to all. Therefore, it should not be very difficult to sell after planting, and with the gradual opening of the market acceptance of lotus fog, the number of lotus trees should be more in the future.