Planting technology of grapefruit tree grafting method of grapefruit tree

Grapefruit tree is a very common tree, which is distributed in many parts of our country at present. Grapefruit has high edible value and sells well in the market, so there are a lot of people planting grapefruit trees now. However, before planting grapefruit trees, most people must want to have a comprehensive understanding of its planting methods and grafting techniques.

Planting techniques of pomelo trees

1. Soil preparation and trenching: after soil preparation, the trough is 100cm wide and 60-80cm deep, and the base fertilizer is applied layer by layer, that is, the bottom layer uses garbage, straw, branches and leaves, turf, etc., with a dosage of 5000-10000 kg per mu, and the upper layer applies fence compost, compost, cake fertilizer, etc., 250kg per mu, layered fertilization and layered filling, and finally planting, the soil surface should be 20-30cm higher than the bad side.

2. Planting density: the grapefruit grows vigorously, the crown is big, and the grafted tree enters the full fruiting period in 6-7 years, so the planting density should not be too dense. 45 trees per mu were planted on slopes above 20 degrees, 40 trees per mu at 10-20 degrees, and 35 plants per mu on gentle slopes below 10 degrees. Configuration of pollination trees: pomelo has strong fruiting ability, but cross-pollination can improve the fruit setting rate and increase the fruit, so it should be mixed with single line when planting.

3. Planting time: grapefruit can be planted in spring (March) and autumn (November), and it is better in the first and middle of March. Planting should be carried out in cloudy or sunny evening, but not in rainy days or when the soil is too wet.

4. Planting method: dig a large hole 1 meter square before planting, apply a large amount of engine fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer, and return to the soil 20-30 cm higher than the ground. When planting, the seedlings are gently placed in the hole, planted with loose broken soil, the fine mud around the root mass is compacted by hand, and the graft joint is exposed to the ground. After planting, arrange the nest plate 20 centimeters above the ground and fill it with root water.

Grafting method of grapefruit tree

Single bud splicing method:

1. Cutting scion: the prismatic side of the scion is upward, the flat side is close to the index finger, and an oblique knife is cut forward about 1 cm below the bud point, and the bevel is at an angle of 45 °. Then turn the flat side of the scion upward and peel the skin forward from near the bud point, requiring the cutting surface to be smooth, just to the cambium, and it is appropriate to expose the white part of the xylem. Then turn the scion to the side and the bud point up. Cut off about 0.2 cm above the bud point and put it in a basin filled with water.

2. Cutting the rootstock: at the place where the rootstock is 6cm away from the ground, choose the smooth side and obliquely cut off the upper part of the rootstock with an angle of 45 °. Then at the bottom of the slope, cut longitudinally along the junction of the cortex and xylem, preferably the white xylem you just saw. The section length depends on the scion length.

3. Embedding bud bandaging: select buds similar to the size and length of the cutting surface of the rootstock as far as possible, and insert them into the cutting surface of the rootstock, so that the base of the bud is close to the bottom of the cut of the rootstock, and the cambium of the cutting surface of the rootstock and the scion are closely joined. If the rootstock is thicker than the scion, it should be aligned with one side of the cambium, which is easier to take over. Finally, it is wrapped with plastic film tape and sealed with wax.

Fertilization skills of pomelo trees

1. Huanyang fertilizer (base fertilizer): the amount of fertilizer applied before and after fruit harvest accounts for half of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year, and a large amount of late-acting fertilizer such as green manure, compost, circle manure and cake fertilizer should be applied, combined with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer.

2. Budding fertilizer (pre-anthesis fertilizer): generally carried out from February to March, this time the fertilizer should be based on available nitrogen fertilizer, mainly human and animal manure, and properly combined with urea.

3. Stable fruit fertilizer: apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer half a month before fruit drop in June, apply mature human and animal manure and spray 1% superphosphate leaching solution.

4. Strong fruit fertilizer: applied in the middle and late June, applying available nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Diseases and insect pests of pomelo and their control

The main results are as follows: 1. From the end of February to the first ten days of April, two times of continuous spraying were used to control mites and other pests, and pesticides were used: pesticides + acaricides + fungicides.

2. From the middle of May to the end of June, the young fruit period after Xiehua was sprayed twice continuously, mainly to control scale and other pests, and pesticides: insecticides and fungicides were used.

3. From the middle of July to the first ten days of September, spraying 3Mel continuously for 4 times, mainly to control leaf miner, but also to control Phoenix butterfly, anthrax, etc., using pesticides: pesticides + fungicides.

4. Spraying stone-sulfur mixture once in winter to clear the garden, insecticides can be used alternately, such as Lesbon, trichlorfon, etc., and fungicides can be used alternately, such as carbendazim, thiophanate, Dysen zinc, etc. Acaricides can be sprayed alternately, and the spray should be uniform and thoughtful.

When planting grapefruit trees, we must do a good job of soil preparation, and then sow at the right time. The planting time is generally spring, and the planting density also needs to be grasped. If you want to graft, you can choose the method of single bud grafting, which is described in detail above. I hope it will be helpful to you.