Planting techniques of Actinidia chinensis the results of several years

Red kiwifruit must be no stranger to everyone. It is a special kind of kiwifruit, which is currently planted in many parts of our country. Red kiwifruit is very popular because of its good taste and high edible value. Now many people want to increase their income by planting it, but before planting, do you know about its planting technology?

Planting techniques of Actinidia chinensis

In the first and middle of April, the suitable sowing time is when the local temperature reaches 15 ℃. Soak the seeds in 47 degrees water, cool naturally and soak for 24 hours, remove and mix with twice as much wet sand, then put them in a container and bury them in the shade. Keep the temperature around-3 ℃ and check and turn it every 1 week. It takes 40 to 60 days.

2. Kiwifruit seeds are very small, so the quality of soil preparation and sowing is strict. Sandy loam with loose soil and good drainage should be selected. The pH is about 7, and 5000 kg of high quality organic fertilizer is applied per mu. Before sowing, carbofuran and dimethazone are used for soil disinfection. Then turn the rake deeply and make a seedbed 1 meter wide. The soil of the bed is finely crushed, leveled, or formed into a ridge with a width of 60 cm, a width of 40 cm and a height of 25 cm.

3. irrigate once two days before sowing, and spread the seeds evenly in the seedbed-factory in fine sand, with a sowing rate of 5 grams per square meter. Then use sifted fine fertile soil to cover the seeds, just cover it, and then cover the border with a layer of straw. Because the soil is thin and the soil surface is easy to dry, we should pay attention to spraying water frequently to keep the soil moist.

4. Kiwifruit can sprout 15-20 days after sowing, emerge within 1 week, and gradually remove straw. After uncovering the grass, the newly unearthed seedlings are very fragile and tender and cannot be exposed to direct sunlight. A shed must be built to protect them from the light, or they will die from the sun.

5. After about 50 days of emergence, the true leaves began to expand, and the seedlings should be removed when there were 3 leaves, and weeds should be pulled out at the same time. When there are 6 or 8 true leaves, the shade canopy can be removed gradually and the seedlings can be transplanted to the nursery according to the row spacing of 15 cm × 30 cm. Water should be irrigated once 2 days before seedling emergence in order to move seedlings with soil and reduce root injury. Transplanting can be done while raising seedlings, transplanting and watering.

6. the whole seedling stage should do a good job of loosening soil, weeding and irrigation. when the seedling grows to 30-40 cm high, pick the heart in time, and pay attention to remove the sprouts from the base. when the thickness of the seedling reaches 0.6 cm, it can be grafted. When grafting, we should pay attention to identify the variety and cut the scion on the excellent single plant. Kiwifruit can be grafted all the year round, about 20 days before the rootstock germinates in spring, usually in April. Summer should be carried out after semi-Lignification of scion in June. Autumn is in the first ten days of August. The seedlings cultivated in spring of that year were all grafted from late August to September of that year, and the rootstock was cut before the sap flowed in the following year. The grafting method was mostly ventral grafting of single bud, which took two years to come out of the nursery.

Fruit of Actinidia chinensis in several years

Under normal circumstances, red kiwifruit takes 5 years to bear fruit, and if it is properly managed, the fruit can be advanced to 4 years, and the so-called proper management means that fertilizer can keep up with it every year. Of course, fertilizer must be applied frequently, and you must not chase big fertilizer at once, so as not to cause fertilizer damage and cause plant burning to death.

Fertilization principle of Actinidia chinensis

The main results are as follows: 1. Red kiwifruit likes fertilizer and is afraid of burning. The growth and strong growth potential of kiwifruit determine its urgent demand for fertilizer. Coupled with the predatory work psychology of highlighting yield in production, kiwifruit shows yellowing, leaflet, stopping growth and other phenomena once it lacks inorganic nutrients, so kiwifruit is sensitive to fertilizer, but fleshy roots are also sensitive to soil salt concentration, especially continuous high temperature and drought. Thus forming a new contradiction to three-dimensional, in view of this, production requires that the fertilization of kiwifruit must grasp the principle of far scattered light, that is, a small amount of multiple fertilizer application method, that is, it can meet the fertilizer demand without fertilizer damage, which is the kiwifruit like fertilizer and afraid of burning.

2. The annual fertilizer requirement of kiwifruit is as follows: in the early stage, the requirement of N.K is large, and it is best to apply it in the form of base fertilizer after fruit harvest in autumn, there are fertilizer 5000kg/667 square meters, 243. mixed application of calcium superphosphate 80kg/667 square meters.

3. From sprouting to flowering and fruiting, proper topdressing is mainly composed of Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn and so on. This topdressing accounts for 2% and 3% of the whole year. In August, the main available P.K fertilizer was N15~20kg//667 square meter, P5~7kg/667 square meter and K6~8kg/667 square meter, and the topdressing accounted for 3% of the whole year.

Common diseases and control of Actinidia chinensis

1. Fruit ripening rot. The young fruit was bagged one week after flowering to avoid infecting the young fruit. From two weeks after flowering to the fruit expansion period (May-August), the canopy was sprayed with 50% carbendazim 800x solution or 1GRV 0.5-200-fold Bordeaux solution, or 1000-fold topazine wettable powder 2 times twice 3 times, with an interval of about 20 days. Remove the pruned kiwifruit branches and litter, and reduce the parasitic places of bacteria.

2. Root rot. When building the garden, we should choose the soil with good drainage, do a good job of clearing ditches and drainage in the rainy season, do not plant too deeply, and do not apply immature fertilizer. In March and mid-late June, the roots were irrigated with 0.5 kg of zinc and 200 kg of water. Dig up the soil at the root neck when discovering the diseased plant, carefully scrape off the diseased part and disinfect the healthy part with 0.1% mercury, apply Bordeaux pulp, change the new soil cover after half a month, and apply wax protection when the wound surface is large, and apply rotten water dung to restore the tree.

When planting kiwifruit, we must choose a good time, and then prepare the soil, and then sow seeds at the right time. Post-planting management is also very important, especially in fertilization and disease control. Only by doing these well can we ensure that the red kiwifruit grows better.