How do litchi grow? when will litchi mature?

Litchi is a very common fruit, which is rich in summer. When litchi comes on the market every year, it attracts a lot of people to buy it, so now there are many people who want to increase their economic benefits by planting it. However, before planting, more people must be more concerned about its planting technology.

How to grow litchi

1. Choose the garden. For high-yield cultivation of litchi, hills or slopes with open terrain, slope below 30 degrees, loose and fertile soil and water source should be selected as ideal for the development of plantations.

2. Determine the planting density reasonably. In general, the reasonable density is that the row spacing is 3.5 × 3.5 meters or 3.5 × 4 meters and planting 50-60 plants per mu.

3. Dig a big hole and put down enough base fertilizer. For those who reclaim and build orchards on hilly land, they shall be opened into equal height terrace belts or equal height trenches according to the row spacing specifications of planting. However, the planting hole is dug according to the selected plant distance, and the specification of the hole is 1 meter long, wide and deep, and 40 kilograms of garbage manure, green manure, barnyard manure and pig and cow manure under each hole are used as base manure.

4. Planting carefully. When planting, take the seedling in one hand, gently return to the fine soil in the other hand, return to the soil to cover it to about 2 cm above the root, drench the root water, then continue to return to the mud, and when the return soil is about 10 cm above the ground, form a tree plate, then cover with thatch or stem Osmunda grass to moisturize, stand up next to the seedling, prevent wind and shake pine seedlings to cause dead seedlings, drench water every 3 days after setting, and pay attention to drainage and waterproofing on rainy days. The survival rate was checked and replanted in time after 30 days.

5. Fertilization measures Litchi needs to be fertilized 3-4 times a year, and fertilizer should be applied once in each season. The base fertilizer per mu needs to be about 1500 kg of mature farm manure and 45 kg of San'an. Every time the leaves turn green, you can spray some foliar fertilizers such as phosphate fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and so on. Half a month before flower bud differentiation, 10 jin of high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer can be applied per mu, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer can be applied before physiological fruit drop, and balanced water-soluble fertilizer can be applied to supplement tree nutrients after fruit harvest. In topdressing, you should only grasp the amount, not fertilize at will.

When will litchi ripen

The ripening season of litchi is usually from June to July, and the main producing area is in Guangdong Province. But some varieties are different, and there will be some differences in the mature season. Precocious lychees mature in March, round lychees mature in May, black-leaf lychees mature in June, and green lychees mature in July. Generally concentrated in June and July, the most mature litchi varieties, but also the most delicious.

How to prune litchi fruit trees

1. Fruit tree pruning is divided into autumn pruning and winter pruning. Autumn shearing is carried out within one month after fruit harvest, and also before the latter germination of the two autumn shoots. Winter shearing is completed in late winter and early spring before new shoots germinate or before heading.

2. The pruning of adult fruiting trees should be heavier, so as to concentrate nutrients, ensure the growth of branches and increase the rate of fruit setting; old trees should be heavily pruned when there are many and weak branches, so as to promote the germination of strong new shoots, and light when they are few and weak.

3. The key work should be put on the rejuvenation and renewal of the root group. Usually, dense branches, shade branches, weak branches, overlapping branches, drooping branches, serious disease and insect branches, fallen flowers and fruit branches and withered branches are cut off.

4. The method of pruning should be short cutting and thinning, starting from the big branches inside the crown and toward the periphery of the crown. After pruning, the branches are evenly distributed and the "money eye" appears under the crown.

Common insect pests and their control in litchi

1. Longicorn beetles. The adults were killed artificially, and the branches were often examined from August to December. It was found that there were semilunar spawning points in the cortex, that is, eggs or newly hatched animals were scraped off with a knife, cotton balls dipped in 5-10 times of dimethoate or dichlorvos emulsion, and plugged into the cavities. "Ke Niu Ling" pills are more effective in fumigating larvae.

2. Litchi gall mite. Clear the garden, cut off and burn the damaged leaves to reduce the source of insects; use 20% dicofol 800-1000 times, or 40% dimethoate 1000 times, or spray with propargite, trimethoprim, etc.

When planting litchi, we should first do a good job of site selection, and then plant it timely. After planting, fertilizer and water management should be done in place, if you want litchi to grow well, pruning is also a key step. Litchi is also very vulnerable to insect pests, so pest control work can not be relaxed.