Planting techniques and Management methods of Hami Melon

The arrival of summer is also the time for many fruits on the market, such as cantaloupes, watermelons, peaches, red peaches, grapes and many other fruits, which are very popular and popular in summer. Many people want to grow some cantaloupe at home. After all, the fruit they grow is not only healthy, but also safe. Next, the editor will also teach you about some planting techniques and management methods of cantaloupe.

Planting techniques and Management methods of Hami Melon

I. planting techniques of cantaloupe

1. Sowing: Hami melon can emerge 5-7 days after sowing. Seedlings should be checked and replanted immediately within 3 days of emergence. Replanted seeds should be disinfected, then soaked to accelerate germination, and the seeds can be replanted when exposed.

2. Seedling setting: start with 1-2 true leaves, leaving 2 seedlings in each hole, and pay attention to the removal of weak and diseased seedlings. The seedlings were fixed with 4-5 true leaves and 1 healthy seedling was left in each hole. If the seeds are sown with precision, the interseedling and fixed seedling can be completed at one time when there are 4 true leaves.

3. Weeding by ploughing: loosening the soil by ploughing can not only increase the soil temperature, but also preserve soil moisture and eradicate weeds. If the melon field is not covered with plastic film, the melon seedlings can be shoveled around by hand to loosen the soil, ridge soil, and combined with weeding. The depth of mid-tillage is more than 20 cm. Weed control is done 2-3 times before melon seedlings extend. Combined with mid-tillage, weeds around the seeding hole are removed and the mouth of the hole is sealed at any time.

4. Inverted vines: inverted vines are carried out when growing to 5-6 true leaves, and when inverted vines, the rhizome is gently removed from the soil on one side of the border, making it a small groove 5-7 cm deep, and then the melon vine is inverted into the trough, and the first and second side vines at the base of the stem are erased. At the same time, cultivate 10-20 cm of loose dry soil at the base of the rhizome.

5. Whole vine melon: the whole vine and remaining melon of Hami melon are determined according to the variety, early and middle ripening varieties, such as Hongmibao, Red Empress Dowager, Xinmi 15 (Xiangfeimi), Xinmi 13 (New Queen), etc., can use single vine pruning method, and middle and late maturing varieties, such as Xinmiza 7 (8601), Xinmi 11 (86-1), Xinmi 23 (Jinmibao), etc., adopt double vine pruning method. The specific pruning method can be determined according to the local habit of planting muskmelon.

6, pressure vine: combine pruning can use soil block or branch cross method to press melon vine, use soil block to press vine, first draw a small groove on the soil where the vine is pressed, put the melon vine homeopathic in the small groove, press the soil block, press the vine for 2-3 times during the whole growth period, until the ridge is sealed.

7. Topdressing: melon fields cultivated with plastic film mulching generally do not apply organic fertilizer. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, some cake fertilizer or chemical fertilizer can be applied. Topdressing must be carried out before the female flowers bloom, between the two melon seedlings, 20 cm below the edge of the ditch, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea and 150 kg of oil residue per mu. After the first fruit harvest, the second topdressing can be carried out, and the extra-root topdressing can be composed of 200g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 300g urea into 2/1000 and 3/1000 solution respectively. Fulvic acid 30-50 grams, mixed into 3/10000 to 5/10000 solutions. Spray Shibao 5ml plus 50kg of water. The above solutions were sprayed evenly on the leaves in the early morning and evening.

8. Harvest: harvest cantaloupe in time according to the requirements, leaving 10 cm T-shaped handle when harvesting.

2. Planting and management methods of Hami melon.

1. Temperature management

Spring seedling breeding emphasizes heat preservation and disease prevention, the seedling bed is covered with multi-film, and the ground is covered with electric heating line. The variable temperature management method of "two high and two low" is adopted, that is, before emergence, the seedling bed temperature should be kept between 30: 32 ℃ during the day and 18: 20 ℃ at night, in order to promote the seedling; before the first true leaf is unfolded, the bed temperature should be appropriately reduced, keeping between 25-28 ℃ during the day and 15-16 ℃ at night, to prevent tall seedlings; when the third true leaf appears, the bed temperature should be raised appropriately, keeping between 30-32 ℃ during the day and 18-20 ℃ at night, so as to promote early emergence of true leaves. The seedlings were refined at low temperature one week before planting, so that the seedlings gradually adapted to the field environment.

2. Water management

The moisture should be strictly controlled at the seedling stage, and the proper amount of water should be watered according to the degree of dryness and wetness of the seedling bed before noon on a sunny day, and then covered with plastic film after the plant surface and soil surface water evaporates and the water stains dry.

3. Humidity and light management

Ventilation and humidity reduction is the key to prevent the occurrence of seedling diseases. Therefore, within the permitted range of bed temperature, the plastic film of small ring shed should be opened as far as possible to increase ventilation and reduce the air humidity of seedling bed. In case of cloudy and rainy weather, a short period of ventilation should be carried out around noon to reduce humidity and increase light.

Disease control methods of Hami melon planting

1. Cataplexy

The main results are as follows: 1. Copper-ammonium mixture can be sprayed when the seedlings are sick. The formula is: copper sulfate 2 parts, ammonium sulfate 15 parts, hydrated lime 4 parts, fully mixed and sealed for one day and night before use. When taking medicine, take powder and spray 400 parts of water.

2. 70% methyl topiramate 500ml 800 times liquid spray.

2. Fusarium wilt

1. Drug solution root irrigation: 70% methyl topiramate or 40% ultra-fine carbendazim 300-fold solution. Take the base of the plant as the center, dig a small round pit with a depth of 10 cm and a diameter of 8 mi 10 cm, the base of the main root is exposed to the outside to fill the pit with liquid medicine, and the pit is not sealed after filling, so that the root is calcined and resistant to disease.

2. Smear: add 20 parts of flour with 70% dimethazone, mix it with water into a paste, and apply it to the base of the diseased plant, the control effect is very good.

Growth period Management of Hami Melon

1. Fertilization

Hami melon plant growth is strong, so the relationship between stem and leaf growth and fruit setting should be coordinated to prevent crazy growth and falling vines. Topdressing should be a reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, do not apply one-time fertilization or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, avoid the application of chlorine fertilizer. Hami melon needs less fertilizer for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at seedling stage, but more fertilizer at fruit setting stage. Spraying "melon and fruit Zhuangtiling" before flowering, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage of Hami melon, robust dredging system, increasing nutrient supply in flowering and fruit stage, strengthening flower and fruit, promoting fruit expansion, has obvious yield increasing effect, non-toxic and five-pollution. It is an efficient product for the production of pollution-free fruit.

2. Watering

The melon land cultivated with plastic film mulching was irrigated for the first time at the initial flowering stage, and generally irrigated 2-3 times at the flowering and fruiting stage. The fruit is generally irrigated every 7-10 days during the fruit expansion period. At this time, the temperature is higher, in order to reduce the occurrence of Phytophthora, we should avoid noon watering, and less watering. Irrigation must be stopped 10 days before fruit harvest.

3. Prevent frost injury in advance

Due to the low temperature in winter, early-maturing cantaloupe seedlings are vulnerable to ice, snow and frost, thus delaying the ripening period. Therefore, it should be prevented in time, spraying plant protective agent "new high lipid film" on Hami melon to form a protective film on seedlings, which can disinfect and protect Hami melon from freezing injury.

Simple cultivation technique of Hami Melon in plastic shed

I. cultivation facilities for cantaloupe cultivation

1. The steel pipe simple shed is adopted: the polar shoulder is 1-7 meters high, the top is 2-5 meters high, surrounded by insect-proof yarn, and covered with greenhouse film, the border in the greenhouse is 0-8 meters wide and 0-2 meters high, drip water with hose system, and the border surface is covered with plastic film.

2. Adopt one-time fertilization technology: all fertilizers are fertilized with soil preparation before planting, and there is no topdressing during the growth period. The fertilizer formula is: compound fertilizer 80 kg / mu, calcium superphosphate 50 kg / mu, potassium sulfate 10 kg / mu, peanut bran 45 kg / mu.

2. Cultivation and management of Hami melon.

1. Variety selection: variety selection of pearl cantaloupe produced by Huizhou Lihe Company. Pearl cantaloupe can adapt to the local climate and soil conditions, has strong resistance to Fusarium wilt, and has high economic value because of its high yield, good quality, high yield and good quality. It can be cultivated not only in greenhouse for the year, but also in open field in autumn.

2. Seedling breeding: the suitable sowing time is from mid-January to mid-September. The seeds were soaked in warm water for 4 hours, then sterilized with 1 ‰ potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes. After being washed with clean water, the seeds were wrapped with a wet cloth and germinated under 30 ℃. After seed sprouting, use nutrition bag to raise seedlings, and control the management of water and fertilizer and temperature and light at seedling stage to cultivate strong seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart, it is the most suitable time for planting, the planting is double-row planting, the plant spacing is 0-5 meters, and the number of plants per mu is 1300.

III. Management

1. Introduction of vine: when the plant has 6 leaves, it can start to set up and draw the vine.

2. Picking the vine: the method of double vine and single fruit pruning is adopted, that is, the main vine and a strong son vine are selected, and two pieces of the grandson vine between the 10th and 15th nodes are left as the result vine, and the rest of the son vine and the grandson vine are all removed. When the main vine grows to 23fu 26 leaves, it also hits the top together with the remaining son vine.

3. Pollination: artificial pollination is carried out at 8-10:00 during flowering. One melon is selected when the melon grows to 100g or so, and the rest of the melon is cut off together with its vines.

4. Water control: during the post-anthesis expansion period, a large amount of water should be supplied to promote the fruit expansion, and in the net formation period after the expansion period, water should be strictly controlled to facilitate the improvement of quality and the formation of reticulation patterns, and leaf fertilizer should be sprayed properly in the later stage to prevent plant premature senescence.

5. Harvest in proper time: about 45 days after pollination.

In the above article, the editor also taught you some planting techniques and management methods of cantaloupe. In fact, cantaloupe is relatively easy to grow, and it doesn't take much thought for people to take care of it. If there are conditions at home, in fact, you can also grow some fruit properly.