Matters needing attention on how to plant chili peppers in summer

Seeds: pepper seeds were exposed to the sun for 4 hours, then disinfected with trisodium phosphate solution, soaked in water for 8 hours, then removed and set aside. Sprouting: it can sprout at about 30 ℃ in summer at a temperature of 60-70 hours. 72 seedlings were raised in each plate. Fertilization: fertilize properly after picking the third leaf. Management: after growing tall, use small sticks to fix chili trees, prevent broken branches and lodging, usually prevent high temperature and drought, etc. Pest control: prevention of aphids, whitefly, mites, scab, bacterial wilt and so on.

Chili is an essential seasoning food for many dishes in the south. Chili peppers are planted in many families for convenience, and the most are planted in rural areas. Basically, every household will plant dozens of chili trees. When the chili is ripe, it is not only self-sufficient, but also can be taken to the market to buy a good price. The following editor will introduce the chili planting technology.

How to grow chili peppers

Find some containers first. The volume of the container is not too large, otherwise it will not be moved in the future; do not be too small, otherwise the pepper tree will grow up, it is likely to be top-heavy and shallow, and you will have to lodge. Many families have a variety of abandoned or broken containers, most of which are pots and buckets, which can be used to grow vegetables.

2. In the choice of containers, many families are mainly plastic containers. In fact, growing vegetables in plastic containers is unscientific and unhealthy in the long run. Plastics have a lifespan. After aging, plastic containers are likely to produce a series of substances that are harmful to the human body, such as dioxins, and once these substances enter vegetables, they must also enter the human body. Therefore, it is recommended that families with conditions choose ceramic containers such as tile jars to grow chili peppers.

3. Then make a hole in the bottom of the container to prevent excessive watering of chili peppers from causing waterlogging in the future. However, after making holes in the container, the mud and water will often leak out, which can easily stain the balcony and other places. Therefore, if Rain Water can not get wet, as long as he can keep a good grasp of watering, he can not make holes in the bottom of the container. If chili peppers are placed on the roof and other places, the container must make holes in the bottom, otherwise the chili peppers will easily be waterlogged to death on rainy days.

4. The next step is to find the cultivated soil. Try to find soil rich in humus, which is fertile and can be fertilized less or not. If you can't find fertile soil, look for sun-drenched soil and try not to choose deep soil. Note that it is better to choose a poorer soil than to use rubbish instead of fertile soil. nowadays, domestic garbage is mixed with too much harmful waste to human body.

The next step is to fill the soil. After loading the part, press it a little hard, and then continue to load and press the soil until it is full, and then lay it flat. The soil should not be too full, and the soil surface should be kept at a distance of about 5 centimeters from the mouth of the container, so as to prevent the later watering soil from flowing out, and to reserve space for topdressing and fertilizing in the future. in addition, the soil should not be pressed too tightly, which is not good for growth.

6. After loading the soil, it is best not to sow seeds in a hurry, but to carry out sterilization treatment first and then sow seeds after sterilization treatment for three days. Sterilization can be sprayed with carbendazim diluent, but the safe interval of carbendazim is relatively long, up to a month, if it is contaminated with other vegetables at home, it is harmful to health, therefore, it is greener to sprinkle raw lime powder (spray it with clean water after sprinkling).

7. Before sowing, soak the pepper seeds in clean water for about 8 hours to facilitate germination. Sow the seeds on the surface of the soil, then sprinkle them with water and pour the seeds into the mud. Since then, irregularly watering every day, keep the soil moist, about five days can sprout and take root, the specific time depends on the actual conditions such as temperature and humidity. Don't water too hard during the sprouting period, otherwise it is easy to knock over the pepper seeds in the root.

8. If you want to plant more chili peppers, you can concentrate on raising seedlings, sow all the seeds in one container, and then transplant them into each container, so as to reduce the management of the seedling stage. If you plant fewer chili peppers, you can direct broadcast and sow seeds in each container to prevent future transplanting to inhibit the growth of chili peppers. It should be noted that even if it is live broadcast, each container should sow a few seeds, not a single seed to prevent non-germination or weak seedlings.

9. During the period from seed germination to the growth of two true leaves, it is only watered, not fertilized. When you start to smoke the third leaf, you can put a compound fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruits and vegetables on each chili tree, and apply it every 4 days. When the pepper tree has six leaves, it can be transplanted, and if it is not transplanted, it also needs to carry out inter-seedling, to get rid of the weak seedlings and too many seedlings, leaving only the strongest one. Since then, fertilize every half a month, sprinkle a few compound fertilizers each time, depending on the foliar growth to add fertilizer or lose weight. Chili peppers are not resistant to waterlogging or cold, so as long as the soil is slightly moist. When the pepper grows tall, it may not be able to support its own branches and leaves, so fix the pepper tree with a small stick to prevent branch breakage and lodging.

Matters needing attention in planting summer chili

1. To prevent the harm of insects, summer is the season when all kinds of insect pests occur seriously. for chili, there are many kinds of insect pests, such as aphids, whitefly, tobacco green insects, mites and so on. Especially in summer, the harm of mites is more common, which often makes the top buds of pepper bald and can not grow normally.

2. Virus disease is a kind of disease with high incidence in pepper production in summer. Hot and hot in summer, it is easy to induce pepper virus, increase the probability of virus disease and aggravate the degree of virus occurrence. In order to control virus diseases, we should timely control the occurrence of white whitefly, aphids and other insect pests, and reduce the spread of virus diseases. Timely spraying of agents for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases.

3. Summer is also a season prone to many other diseases, such as scab, bacterial wilt, sunburn and so on, which bring difficulties to pepper production.

4. The growth time of pepper in summer is the stage when herbicides are applied to corn. The herbicides applied on these corn have a serious impact on pepper. After being affected by herbicides, the leaves of pepper are wrinkled, the leaves become smaller and the top shrinks. It is like the symptoms of virus disease, which seriously affects the normal growth and fruit of pepper, and can even cause no yield. So where chili peppers are grown, try not to use herbicides.

5. Pepper is afraid of waterlogging, and Rain Water is diligent in summer, especially the hot rain has a severe effect on pepper, which is easy to make pepper retting root, cause a variety of root diseases, and cause pepper plant death. So when you plant chili peppers in summer, you must have good drainage and use high ridges as far as possible.

6. High temperature in summer is also disadvantageous to the flowering and pollination of hot pepper. Rain Water is too much, pollen can not be dispersed or pollination is sterile, which is easy to cause serious flower and fruit drop of pepper, which can be controlled by spraying capsicum Fangshu in production.

7. High temperature and drought in summer, or humid and rainy, which also increases the requirement of fertilizer and water supply for the planting management of hot pepper.

How to raise pepper seedlings in summer

1. Seed treatment: after selecting the species, expose the seeds for 4 hours, then disinfect them with trisodium phosphate solution, and then soak them in clean water for about 8 hours. Dry it for a little while after being fished out, and prepare for budding.

2. Sprouting at room temperature: now the room temperature is generally about 30 ℃, which is the suitable temperature for budding. Wrap the soaked seeds in cotton cloth and wrap them with a plastic film to moisturize. Rinse the seeds with clean water every half sound, and then wrap them up to accelerate germination. It will take about 60 to 70 hours to sprout. When the bud is about 3 mm (now called seed dew white) farming is the best; if you can not cultivate in time, you should keep the seeds under the condition of about 8 ℃, and quickly invent the farming conditions.

3, the preparation of the point plate: select the special seedling medium, each bag can hold 12 plates of 72 holes, each plate can raise 72 seedlings, the vegetable farmer friend can calculate the quantity of the seedling plate and seedling medium according to his own needs. After mixing the seedling medium with appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, special biological micro-fertilizer and other trace elements, and mixing evenly with water, the seedling medium is flattened (flattened with a vertical plank).

4. Prevent high temperature: after farming, pour water through the hole plate and spray Pulick, and then cover up the plastic film to keep moisture. At the moment, we should pay attention to shading and cooling, and beware of steaming seeds and affecting seedling emergence. At this time, the daytime temperature should be below 30 ℃, and the night temperature should be below 18 ℃. When the seedlings emerge, the plastic film can be removed. With the growth of wheat seedlings, the time to cover up the sunshade net can be shortened, which is more conducive to the growth of wheat seedlings.

5. Prevent drought: after planting seedlings, always pay attention to the humidity of the nursery bed, do not be too wet or too dry. Many vegetable farmers are afraid that the seedlings will grow too much and control the sprinkling of water to form a point plate that is too hot and dry. At this moment, they are injured due to the dehydration and drought of the capillary roots, affecting their absorptive capacity in the future, forming weak seedlings and simply feeling the disease. So if you want to sprinkle water properly, it is most appropriate to sprinkle water in the morning on a sunny day.

6. Prevent the overgrowth of seedlings: no matter what crops grow excessively, it is due to weak light conditions, high temperature, high humidity and so on. The main reasons for the growth of pepper seedlings in summer are high night temperature, strong respiration, excessive consumption of nutrients, and sufficient nitrogen fertilizer and water. In addition, the seedlings are too dense to block each other from the sun, affecting photosynthesis. Therefore, to prevent the excessive growth of seedlings, we should pay attention to prevent the night temperature from being too high and the humidity in the disk too high; the third is to apply less nitrogen fertilizer when the seedlings grow to a certain size; and the third is to widen the distance between the points and plates when the seedlings grow to a certain size, increase ventilation and light transmittance, and enhance photosynthesis to prevent seedlings from growing.

7. Prevent rainstorm damage: if the nursery bed is set in the shed, the cover-up method of one film and two nets (plastic film plus sunshade net and insect prevention net) is generally chosen. When there is heavy rain, the greenhouse film can be pulled down and buried to prevent Rain Water from drenching the seedlings and Rain Water to convey germs.

8. Prevention of diseases and insect pests: at this stage, as the external environment is more conducive to the outbreak of insect pests, so we should also strengthen the prevention and control of insect pests. Such as setting up a close anti-insect net in the seedling shed, using the tendency of pests to set up yellow board to trap aphids, whitefly, trapping thrips with blue plate, etc.; if necessary, chemical control should be selected.

How to transplant and plant pepper seedlings

1. Start to sprinkle the chili seeds in the flowerpot, cover them with plastic sheeting, and then water them again in a few days, usually every two to three days. About 10 days, the chili seeds begin to sprout. On a sunny day, you can open the plastic sheeting and water it as soon as it is dry.

2. When it is cloudy and rainy, you can dig out the pepper seedlings in the flowerpot with a shovel, and then gently break the seedlings with your hands, so that the root system had better have root soil. Dig a small hole where the pepper seedlings need to be cultivated, and the depth is longer (deeper) than the root length of the pepper seedlings, which is beneficial to the survival and growth of the pepper seedlings.

3. Then put the pepper seedlings (with root soil) in the middle of the small pit, and then fill the surrounding soil in the pit with a shovel (pay attention to straighten the pepper seedlings). Then press the soil around the pepper seedlings with your hand or pat them with a shovel so that the pepper seedlings can be planted stably in the soil without loosening. Finally, water is poured around the cultivated pepper seedlings, which is easy to make the roots of the seedlings fully integrated with the soil, which is conducive to survival and growth.

Through the above introduction, we should know something about growing chili peppers. Although the editor has talked a lot in the article, we should not be frightened by this. In fact, chili peppers are easy to grow and can withstand high temperature and drought. If you want to harvest your chili peppers, you need to fertilize them well.