How is black rice grown? the planting conditions of black rice

Black rice has been planted for a long time in our country. At present, it is distributed in many places in our country, and it is a kind of common rice. Black rice has high nutritional value, and now there are many people who want to grow it. However, before planting, we must first have a comprehensive understanding of its planting conditions and methods.

How is black rice grown?

1. Broadcast early at the right time. Because black rice is a temperature-sensitive variety, it is required to sow from March 10 to 15, which can prolong its growth period and advance heading and pollination before the high temperature in late July, so as to improve the yield and rice quality.

2. Dry cultivation of many tillers and strong seedlings. Around the field, select a hill (piece) of sandy loam field or dry land with leeward direction and convenient drainage and irrigation to cover and raise seedlings with thin film, sowing 4.5 kg per mu of seedling field and 1.5 kg per mu of field.

3. Improve the quality of transplanting. To achieve east-west direction, wide row of narrow plants, large seedlings with soil transplanting, 30 ~ 320000 basic seedlings per mu of field, so that it is no longer tillering. The row spacing of wide and narrow plants is generally 10 cm × 22 cm, which can increase ventilation and light transmission, help to grow healthily, have large panicles and many grains, and improve rice quality.

4. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, little or no lime. According to the data of soil survey, the content of available potassium in general soil is low, and the content of phosphorus is also very low in some areas, so the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is an important measure to improve the quality of black rice. Phosphate fertilizer is mainly used as base fertilizer, potassium fertilizer is mainly combined with the first ploughing and topdressing, a small amount of supplementary application is applied at booting stage, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be foliar sprayed before and after heading. If black rice absorbs too much calcium, the rice looks rough and tastes bad, so the fields where black rice is cultivated should apply little or no lime.

5. use little or no pesticides as far as possible. Pesticide residues will harm the health of human beings, livestock and poultry and reduce the quality of black rice. therefore, in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, comprehensive control measures based on agricultural control should be taken, including selecting varieties resistant to diseases and insect pests, dealing with diseased rice straw, salvaging residues, shallow irrigation and exposure to the field, and timely drying in the field. Paspalum grass, the use of local soil medicine to control and eliminate diseases and insect pests without pesticide residue.

6. The water should not be cut off too early in the later stage. Cutting off water too early in the mature stage of black rice will not only increase the empty shell rate, reduce 1000-grain weight and yield, but also affect the quality of black rice. Generally, black rice should be cut off about 6 days before harvest.

Planting conditions of black rice

The suitable temperature for the growth and development of black rice is 26 ℃ 32 soil. Around the field, select a hill (block) leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation of sandy loam field or dry land for film mulching and dry seedling cultivation, appropriate sparse sowing. Because black rice is a temperature-sensitive variety, it is required to sow before the middle of the year, which can prolong its growth period and advance heading and pollination before the high temperature in late July, so as to improve the yield and rice quality.

Matters needing attention in planting black rice

1. The cultivation of black rice depends not only on varieties, but also on planting technology. compared with ordinary rice, we should pay attention to organic cultivation and use little or no pesticides as far as possible so as not to reduce the quality of black rice.

2. If black rice absorbs too much calcium, the rice will look rough. Therefore, the fields where black rice is cultivated should be treated with little or no lime. In order to improve the quality of rice, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied.

Common diseases of black rice and their control

1. Prevention and control of bacterial leaf spot: use 25% chlorpromazole wettable powder 500x solution + 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 2000 fold solution, or 1% Zhongshengmycin water agent 300x liquid, or 70% metformin sulfur wettable powder 500x solution, or 20% thiobacillus copper suspension 500x spray, apply once every 7 days, 2 times in succession.

2. Prevention and control of bacterial blight: rational fertilization and scientific water management. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen field spraying control. When major diseases occur, spray twice a day, each time at intervals of 7-10 days, with 20% Chuanhua-018 (Yekuning) wettable powder, spray immediately after wind, rain or water retreat.

3. Prevention and control of rice blast: the dosage of 20% tricyclazole wettable powder is 75g / mu and 100g / mu, adding 50 kg of water, which can give full play to its efficacy before infection. Or use 40% Fuji No. 1 emulsion, 75g / mu 100g, add water 50kg release spray.

When planting black rice, you must choose a suitable place to grow it. In the process of planting, we should do a good job in the management of fertilizer and water. Black rice is also vulnerable to diseases and insect pests, so timely pest control is also very important. Only by doing these well can we ensure that black rice will grow better.