How to grow melons

To plant muskmelon, we should first prepare the soil and fertilize, then sow and raise seedlings, and finally manage the field well. The most important thing to grow and cultivate melons is suitable soil and enough space, and to choose melon seeds according to local soil and climate, which is also the most important factor for high yield.

First, apply basic fertilizer for land preparation

Before planting melons, the land should be cultivated well in advance. There will generally be stagnant water in the fields in the south. Before planting, it is necessary to do a good job of enclosing ditches and chamber ditches to avoid water flow. Next, prepare fertilizers. Melons are mainly based on base fertilizers. Generally, the amount of urea per mu is about 30 jin, calcium superphosphate 100 jin, potassium sulfate 40 jin, manganese sulfate 4 jin, boron magnesium fertilizer 10 jin, borax 2 jin, zinc sulfate 2 jin. If organic fertilizers such as livestock manure are used, fertilization should be about 8000 jin per mu.

10 days before planting muskmelon, spread farm manure evenly in the field, turn the soil about 30 centimeters deep, let the fertilizer seep into the ground, mix the fertilizer prepared in advance and put it evenly in the ditch where melon seedlings are planted. Melon seedlings should not be carried directly on fertilizer, keep a distance of about 15 centimeters, in order to prevent too much fertilizer from burning melon seedlings.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings

1. Prepare nutritious soil. In the fields where melons are not planted, prepare 50% of the ripe soil and 50% of the rotten farm manure, sift out the excess sundries with a sieve, add plant ash or sawdust, and then add 2 jin of calcium phosphate, 1 jin of potassium sulfate, 50% carbendazim 200 grams, 75% carbendazim 200 grams, 95% carbendazim 5 grams, these are evenly mixed and used as nutrition bowls.

2. Seed treatment. Before soaking the seeds, dry the seeds for half a day in advance, then put the seeds in a gauze bag of about 5 times the volume, seal the gap, and then soak the seeds in 1% potassium permanganate solution or 500 times methyl topiramate solution for about 20 minutes.

Wash the seeds with clean water, and then soak the seeds in warm water for about 30 ℃ for 5 hours, the soaking time should not be too long, otherwise the germination rate of the seeds will be affected.

3. Sprouting and sowing. After soaking, dry the surface water, put it in a wet gauze bag and put it in a 30 ℃ place for budding. It can sprout in about 20 hours, and sow when the radicle grows to 2 mm. The day before sowing, pour enough water into the nutrition bowl and put about 2 sprouts in each bowl. After planting, the seeds are covered with nutrient soil after 1cm. The soil in the bowl should be moist. When the humidity is not enough, you need to sprinkle some water. When the temperature is low, cover with a film to keep moist and keep warm. When the seeds reach 80% arch soil, you need to remove the plastic film.

4. Seedbed management. The film does not need to be opened before the emergence of the seeds, and the temperature inside is kept at about 30 degrees during the day and about 20 degrees at night. When 80% of the melon seedlings grow out of the soil, keep the temperature at about 20 degrees during the day and about 15 degrees at night. Exercise the melon seedlings before planting, so that the melon seedlings can quickly adapt to the climate in the open field.

III. Field management

1. Timely planting. Before planting, the melon seedlings should be covered with plastic film and watered to fix the roots. when the true leaves reach 2 leaves and 1 heart or 5 leaves, they can be planted according to the size of the nutrition bowl. The temperature of planting requires that the outdoor temperature should be stable above 15 ℃, which is suitable for planting.

2. Trim the vine in time. When the main vine of melon grows to 4 true leaves, select about 3 strong vines to bear fruit, the others can be removed, and when the vine begins to bear fruit, leave 3 leaves to pick the heart in front of the fruit, and when the sun vine grows, only one is left, and all the surplus ones are removed. If the female flowers do not bear flowers or pollination due to climate and other reasons, when the vine grows to 5 leaves, the heart must be picked immediately, and all the branches that have not grown fruit will be removed.

3. Fertilizer and water management. When muskmelon blossoms and sits, it is suitable to grow in dry and wet soil, and the fruit needs to increase the amount of water when it grows to the size of ping-pong balls. When melons and fruits grow to the size of ping-pong balls, they need to be watered together with fertilizer. When melons are about to ripen, stop the supply of fertilizer and water, ensure the taste and quality of melons, drain well on rainy days, and drain them in time if stagnant water occurs.

4. Timely harvest. Melons generally mature about 30 days after flowering, when the fruits begin to have fragrance and sweetness, and when the seeds are full, the melons are ripe and can be picked at this time. When the first batch of melons are harvested, add fertilizer and water again to ensure the rapid growth of the later melons, and remove the old leaves and weak branches and leaves of the plants in time.