How to plant longan

Build orchards in places that will not be blown by strong winds and there is no cold air deposition, choose soils such as loose and deep red loam and sandy loam with strong water permeability and strong water and fertility conservation to ensure adequate water resources, build convenient transportation roads and irrigation facilities to ensure water in the garden, select high-quality and pure varieties for planting, build terraces before planting, and dig planting holes 1-2 months in advance. Choose to plant when it doesn't rain in spring, summer and autumn.

I. Garden site selection

1. Topographic requirements: orchards should be built in areas that are not easy to be blown by strong winds and have no cold air deposits.

2. Soil requirements: the soil is required to be loose and deep, with strong air permeability and water and fertilizer conservation capacity, and it is best to choose red loam, sandy loam, yellow loam or alluvial soil.

3. Water source requirements: to build orchards in places with sufficient water sources, the quality of irrigation conditions directly affects the yield of longan. If water can be diverted to build ponds, ensure timely irrigation during spraying and drought, longan can also be planted on sloping land.

II. Variety selection

The selection of varieties should be determined according to market demand, planting area and planting technology. At present, many excellent longan varieties are planted in China, such as Chuliang, Shixia, Gushan No.2, double-twined wood and so on.

III. Planning and construction of garden sites

1. Road facilities: according to the topography of the orchard, main roads and machine tillage roads are built to facilitate the transportation of fruits and fertilizers.

2. Irrigation facilities: longan has high requirements for water. A complete irrigation system should be built in the orchard to increase the yield of longan. Pipeline irrigation system needs water source, water lifting equipment, storage tank, septic tank and water pipeline.

3. Build terraces: to plant longan in hills and mountains, you need to build horizontal terraces first, or you can first set holes along the climbing line and then open horizontal terraces to improve the water and fertilizer conservation capacity of the soil.

IV. Colonization

1. Density: the best density of planting longan is 30-50 plants / mu, and the best row spacing is 4.5 × 5m or 4m × 3m.

2. Preparation before planting: the length, width and depth of the planting hole should be controlled at 80cm × 80cm × 60cm. Topsoil, weeds, pond mud, garbage, pig and cow manure, chicken manure and other basic fertilizers should be filled into the hole. Layered or mixed backfilling can be adopted during landfill. Generally, plants will be replanted for 1-2 months after backfilling.

3. Seedling selection: to select excellent and pure varieties, it is required that the plant grows healthily, the leaves are colored, the roots are well developed, there are no diseases and insect pests, and there are more than two old mature branches above the grafting interface of the grafted seedlings. When selecting seedlings, we should avoid selecting old residual seedlings with aging trunk and yellowing leaves and seedlings whose growth state is too small.

4. Planting: longan can be planted in spring, summer and autumn, and it is best to plant longan before spring. When planting, the neck of the root is flush with the ground or 3-5cm deep into the ground after the loose soil of the planting hole is settled, to ensure that the soil can be in full contact with the root system and irrigate enough root water. Water regularly after planting to keep the soil moist.

Planting is best not to choose rainy days, planting muddy seedlings should not be scattered, bare roots should be planted as far as possible so that the root system is fully extended and evenly distributed.