How to grow saffron? There are skills in selecting land for sowing, and actively prevent diseases and insect pests in the later stage.

Site selection: slightly alkaline soil with loose and fertile soil and good drainage, with gentle land or hillside land is the best. Base fertilizer: 30 days before planting, 3000-4000 kg of farm manure and 200,300kg of other fertilizers were applied per mu to fertilize the land deeply, and then rake the soil flat and straighten the bed. Sowing: generally sowing in August-September, generally choose strip sowing. Management: anti-freezing, clearing weeds, removing excess lateral buds. Diseases and insect pests: anti-rot disease, Fusarium wilt and so on.

1. Growth environment requirements

Saffron belongs to subtropical plants, like to grow in a warm and moist environment, cold-resistant, semi-shady, but afraid of heat and stagnant water. The sun should be sufficient in the area where saffron is planted, and the suitable growth temperature is about 15 ℃ and the flowering temperature is 16-20 ℃.

2. Prepare before sowing

It is best to choose slightly alkaline soil with loose, fertile soil and good drainage, with gentle land or sloping land as the best. 30 days before planting, 3000-4000 kg of farm manure and 200,300kg of other fertilizers are applied per mu to fertilize the land deeply. Then rake the soil flat and straighten the bed.

3. Sowing seeds

Saffron propagates with bulbs and is usually sown from August to September. Before sowing, remove the lateral buds of the bulb, leave 1-3 terminal buds according to the size and weight of the bulb, and remove the rest; then leave the bulb in a cool place for 2-3 days to promote wound healing. The general choice of sowing is strip sowing, the furrow width is about 5-8cm, and the row spacing is about 15-20cm. After wetting the soil, put the corm flat into the ditch, make the top bud up, and then cover the soil. The general planting density is 20, 000 / mu.

4. Daily management

If the temperature after sowing is lower than 5 ℃, the germination of corm will be affected and plastic film mulching is needed in time. In order to prevent frost and cold, improve the soil temperature, at the same time, it can also reduce the growth of weeds; after the seedlings break the soil, the film will be broken in time, so that the seedlings exposed outside the film, rapid growth. When the temperature rises after the beginning of spring in the following year, film mulching should be removed in time, and weeds should be ploughed in the middle, but the ploughing should not be too deep, so as not to damage the root system of the plant; at the same time, topdressing should be carried out to ensure the nutrition needed for bulb expansion; saffron enters the late growth stage after April, and the field should be checked frequently to remove the excess lateral buds in time so as not to affect the growth of the corm.

5. Pest control

From February to April, the temperature gradually rises, which is the peak season for the growth of saffron, but it is also the peak period for the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. In order to ensure that the yield and quality of saffron will not be affected, we must do a good job in pest control. Saffron is easy to suffer from rot, Fusarium wilt and so on. If the disease is serious, it will cause a large area of plant death and cause great harm. After receiving the film, the root of the plant should be sprayed with carbendazim in time to prevent the plant from getting sick.

6. Harvest

The harvest time of saffron is May. After the saffron blossoms, the red style and stigma of the pistil should be picked in time. In the middle and late May, the aboveground stems and leaves of saffron will gradually wither and turn yellow, and the bulbs can be harvested at this time. At harvest, dig up the bulbs together, remove the branches and leaves, dry them in the field for 2-3 days, and then store them in a cool, ventilated room until after August.