High-yield cultivation techniques of Jinxiu yellow peach, reasonable pruning can further increase the yield.

The garden should be planted in areas with high topography, rich organic matter, deep drainage and convenient transportation. Soil: Sandy loam or yellow loam is the best. Planting: it should be completed before the end of February, and the density should be controlled by another 30 plants / mu. Watering: timely watering in the dry season and drainage in the rainy season. Pruning: reasonable pruning is an important step to increase output, which needs to be pruned according to the situation every year. Flower and fruit: scientific fertilization in flower and fruit stage. Bagging: 6-7 weeks after Xiehua, actively prevent and control diseases and insect pests.

1. Garden site selection

Planted in places with high terrain, low groundwater level, rich in organic matter, deep and good drainage and convenient transportation, the best soil is sandy loam or yellow loam. If you build a garden on a hillside, you should first cut down the trees and clear the mountain to make sure the ladder is flat and high outside the hinterland. if you plant on flat land, you should open the drainage ditch a little deeper, with a deep 60cm, a deep 80cm of the waist ditch and a deep 100cm of the main ditch, so as to avoid water stains.

2. Planting

Dig planting holes with 90-100cm in length, width and depth in the garden, and apply base fertilizer in the hole before planting, generally applying 1500-2000 kg of rotten pig and cow manure, 100-150kg organic fertilizer and 50-100kg superphosphate per mu; mix topsoil and bottom fertilizer evenly and fill in the lower layer, and the core soil heaps into a tree plate to rise slightly. Planting should be completed before the end of February, the row spacing is controlled at 4 × 4.5-5m, and the planting density is controlled at 30 plants / mu. When planting seedlings, the branches of diseases and insect pests and roots should be cut off to make the roots stretch naturally in the hole; the planting depth should be controlled at the interface of the grafting to expose the soil 5cm or so, and then step on it tightly after covering the fine soil, and pour enough water to fix the roots.

3. Daily management

Peach trees have a high demand for nutrients. Fertilizer application should be adjusted according to different growth stages in order to promote the normal growth and increase the yield of peach trees. In the young tree stage, legume crops or vegetables can be planted in the garden during the spring and summer seedling growing season, which is beneficial to improve soil fertility and improve soil quality, but do not plant tall crops to prevent them from affecting the growth of peach trees. 40cm deep ploughing and soil improvement was carried out in autumn and winter to do a good job of weeding.

4. Watering

Jinxiu yellow peach is afraid of flooding, even if it is short-term stagnant water, it will also affect their growth, so it is necessary to do a good job in drainage; do a good job in drought resistance in spring and autumn, timely watering, to ensure adequate water, especially in the fruit expansion period, higher moisture requirements, in case of high temperature and drought, timely irrigation, generally in the morning and evening.

5. Pruning

Reasonable pruning is one of the important steps to improve the yield of Jinxiu yellow peach. Generally, after planting, there should be 5-6 full buds in the range of 25-70cm under the fixed-stem shearing mouth; when it is slightly long to 30-35cm, select 3 branches with strong growth, 45 °upward oblique extension of base angle, 10 cm distance between branches, and an angle of about 120 °between branches as the main branch; if the main branch is not up to the standard, it should be corrected by pulling, supporting, hanging branches and other methods.

In the first year, three main branches were selected without coring to let them grow rapidly, and the other prosperous and long branches were coring or twisting for many times to control their growth. In winter, the elongated branches of the main branches were cut short, leaving 55-60cm to cut off the mouth buds and leave the outer buds.

When pruning in the second year, the extended branches of the main branches were cut short by 60cm, and the first grade side branches were selected at the distance of 40-50 cm from the main branches, and cut at the selected side branches 40cm.

In the third year, the extension branch on the main branch was cut short, and the second grade side branch was selected at the distance from the first side branch 50cm. The orientation of the same grade side branch on each main branch was the same, and the upper and lower side branches of the same main branch were on the opposite side; the growth of the side branch was weaker than that of the main branch, and the length was shorter than that of the main branch.

In the future, we will continue to strengthen the reasonable pruning of the tree type every year, retain the drooping branches and remove the vigorous and upright branches, so as to ensure the high yield in the coming year.

6. Flower and fruit management

The amino acid foliar fertilizer was sprayed once when the bud was red, the flowering stage and the young fruit soybeans were big, so as to improve the fruit setting rate. Less fertilizer is applied before flowering to prevent running; restoration and proper fertilization can be carried out in summer; attention should be paid to drainage in the rainy season to prevent diseases and insect pests. Fruit thinning is best carried out from two weeks after falling flowers to before the hard core period, according to the method of first inside and then outside, first going up and then down, first thinning the small fruit, deformed fruit, disease and insect fruit, leafless fruit branch, and selecting the fruit growing downward on both sides of the fruit branch.

7. Bagging

The bagging time is usually carried out 6-7 weeks after flowering. If there is a peach borer harmful to the orchard, it should be carried out before the peach borer lays eggs. Bagging selection is carried out when there is no Rain Water and dew, first open the mouth of the bag, lift the bottom of the bag, open the vent at the bottom of the bag, then put the young fruit into the bag, and fasten the mouth of the bag tightly to the fruit branch. After bagging, gently hold the bottom of the bag up to the middle of the bag, so that the bag inflated, so that the young fruit hanging in the bag, not attached to the bag wall.

8. Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests that harm Jinxiu yellow peach are anthracnose, bacterial perforation, gum disease, scab, aphids, longicorn beetles, peach borer and so on. In order to improve the quality, comprehensive control measures with the combination of agricultural control, biological control and chemical control were adopted.

Strengthen the agricultural comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, reduce the use of pesticides from the source, and improve the quality of yellow peaches. Less chemical fertilizer and more organic fertilizer are applied in planting; reasonable pruning to maintain good ventilation and light conditions of the tree crown to improve disease resistance; clear the garden in winter, remove branches and pupae of diseases and insects, and spray 1-2 times with 45% stone-sulfur mixture crystal 50 times 100 times to reduce the source of diseases and insects; smooth drainage ditches to prevent diseases caused by stagnant water.