The cattle should be planted vigorously, and the selected varieties can be planted in both spring and autumn.

Varieties: early and middle maturing varieties were selected by spring sowing and late maturing varieties were selected by autumn sowing. Soil: it is suitable to choose sandy soil with deep soil layer, good drainage, loose and fertile soil. Land preparation: apply base fertilizer and repair ridges to prevent ditches from collapsing when it rains, causing deformities of cattle. Sowing: mainly use the method of seed reproduction, sowing to control the row spacing. Fixed seedlings: remove inferior seedlings and overgrown seedlings, leaving seedlings of the same size. Management: ploughing and weeding, timely and reasonable topdressing to achieve high yield and high quality.

Niu Li, also known as pig foot hat, golden bell root and mountain lotus root, is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which has been artificially planted at present. The planting method is generally cultivated in the open field, which can be planted in spring and autumn, and in the middle of March-May in spring. If covered with plastic film, it can be planted in March. If it is cultivated in the open field, it can only be planted after the end of frost, while the cultivation time in autumn is usually from October to early November. Usually covered with arched plastic film around November 10, let's take a look at Niu Li's specific planting method.

I. selection of varieties

At present, there are many varieties planted by Niu Dali, which are generally selected according to the planting season. if sowing in spring, more early and medium-maturing varieties are selected, such as Liuchuan ideal, pine mid-early health, dry field early birth, Dubian early birth or large long root white internal muscle burdock, and so on. If you choose to sow in autumn, you will generally use mid-and late-maturing varieties, such as Liuchuan ideal, large long root white internal muscle burdock or Yechuan.

II. Soil selection

Niuli is a deep-rooted plant, which has high requirements for soil, and is more suitable for planting in sandy soil with deep soil layer, good drainage, loose and fertile sandy soil. Generally, alluvial soil in large rivers and areas with uniform upper and lower soil layers are very suitable for planting Niuli. It should also be noted that the planting land should not be a plot of non-Compositae plants, and it should be at least 2-3 years without burdock planting. In addition, the former crop should not be planted in the fields of beans, sweet potatoes, peanuts and corn.

III. Land preparation

The previous crop should be deeply turned to dry soil in time after harvest, and cake fertilizer 75kg, high quality and mature soil fertilizer 5000kg and ammonium bicarbonate 50kg could be applied per mu before deep ploughing. Then use burdock machine to dig ditch with burdock machine at the width of 70 centimeters, and the best depth is about 1 meter. Generally, a ridge with a width of 40-50 centimeters and a height of about 25 centimeters will be naturally formed after ditching with burdock machine. At this time, you can step on the ridge on both sides of the ridge with your feet. Live to pat along both sides of the ridge with a shovel to prevent burdock from collapsing when it rains, resulting in burdock deformities.

Fourth, sowing seeds

Niu Li mainly uses the method of seed reproduction, when the color of the pods turn yellow, but without cracking, they can be picked and dried, and then the pods can be removed and the bad seeds should be removed. The seeds that are about to be sowed should be disinfected before sowing. The seeds can be soaked in 55 ℃ warm water for about 10-15 minutes, then removed and soaked for about 7 hours. Wait for the seeds to fully absorb water, and then add the right amount of fine sand to stir evenly, mix well, and then sprinkle a layer of fine sand on it, wait until the seeds are white, and then sow. When sowing, the row spacing should be controlled at about 25 cm, and the trench should not be too deep. After sowing the seeds, the seeds should be covered with a thin layer of sifted soil. The sowing amount per mu is about 0.6 kg, and the density is controlled at about 40-60, 000 plants.

5. Fixing seedlings between seedlings

When 1-2 true leaves appear in the first seedling stage after planting, and when 2-3 true leaves appear in the second time, the seedlings are fixed according to the seedling distance of 7-10 cm. When fixing seedlings, it is mainly to remove inferior seedlings and overly prosperous seedlings, leaving seedlings of the same size. The spacing between seedlings on the early harvest market is larger, and that on the late harvest market can be denser appropriately, so as not to make the burdock taproot too thick, affecting the appearance and quality.

VI. Post-broadcast management

1. Ploughing and weeding

Niu Dali grows slowly at the initial stage of planting, especially at the seedling stage, so it is necessary to carry out weeding in time. Generally, weeds between ridges can be removed by artificial weeding or spraying herbicides. When spraying herbicides, attention must be paid to spraying herbicides carefully in the case of calm wind, so that the herbicides can not be floated to Niu Di plants, otherwise it will cause serious consequences to the growth of cattle in the later stage. Watering and fertilization is very important for Niu Dali seeds that have just been sown. The moisture of the seeds must be kept adequate and the fertilizer concentration should not be too high during fertilization to prevent the seeds from being burnt out. Generally, seedlings can emerge within 2 weeks after sowing.

2. Topdressing

During the whole growing period of Niu Dali, topdressing was mainly carried out three times, the first time was when the plant was 30-40 cm high, urea was mainly applied at the top of the ridge, about 10kg fertilizer per mu, the second time was sprinkled in the furrow in combination with watering during the vigorous growth of the plant, about 8-10kg urea was applied per mu, and the last time was after the fleshy root was enlarged, diammonium phosphate 10kg and potassium sulfate 5kg could be used, and it was best to punch holes with steel bar first. Then apply fertilizer to a depth of 10-20 cm, and finally seal the hole to promote the rapid growth of fleshy roots, which can achieve high yield and high quality.