Soilless hanging planting technology of yam, casing is the key

Soil preparation: planting in late March, the land will be loosened and raked and repaired. Casing production: the key to soilless suspension, including joints and straight pipes. Substrate and filling: it is made of mushroom residue, clam shell, carbonized rice husk, Chinese herbal medicine residue and fermentation auxiliaries according to a certain proportion. Put the casing: the casing that put the matrix is discharged into the border, leaving a gap between the casing. Planting: a plot covered with plastic film and planted with Chinese yam. Management: scaffolding, water and fertilizer, pruning and pest control. Harvest: mid-late October.

I. Land preparation

Chinese yam is generally planted in late March, the saline-alkali land planted should be loosened and raked flat first, and then repaired, with a width of 3 meters and a spacing of 0.15 meters.

Second, making casing

The casing is the key to soilless suspended planting. The casing includes a joint and a straight pipe, which is a PVC plastic pipe with a Radian of about 100 degrees. The end of the joint is connected with the straight pipe, and the other end is an open end. The straight pipe is composed of two semi-elliptical plastic pipes. The length of the straight pipe is 1.2m, the cross section is oval, and the diameter is 6cm × 7cm. Two clamps should be made on the straight pipe and clamp the opening edge of the straight pipe with a clamp.

III. Production of matrix and filling

The planting substrate is made of mushroom residue, clam shell, carbonized rice husk, Chinese herbal medicine residue and fermentation auxiliaries according to proportion. The prepared substrate is uniformly put into the casing. After the casing is placed, the clamp should be used to clamp and cover the joint.

Fourth, place the casing

Discharge the casing with good matrix into the border, each with neat two rows, leave a little gap between the casing, the end of the joint should be opposite the top, the distance between the two rows is 0.8 meters, the straight pipe can be tilted slightly at an angle of 17-20 degrees with the ground, and the casing should be covered with soil, not the casing port.

V. colonization of Chinese yam

Put the yam seeds on the open port of the casing joint, then cover the seeds with aseptic soil with a water content of 70% and 80%, then cover the land where the yam is planted with black plastic plastic film, and build a drip irrigation facility with the integration of water and fertilizer on the mulch. The main pipe is built on the border, the drip irrigation pipe can be pressed against the plastic film, the drip irrigation mouth is aligned with the port of each casing, and then penetrate the plastic film between the drip irrigation mouth and the casing port. In this way, water and fertilizer can be dripped into the casing during drip irrigation.

VI. Post-management

1. Set up a fight. A cement column is placed at both ends of the border, the column is 1.8 meters high, and after the cement column is deeply buried and fixed, the steel wire is tied and tightened between the cement columns at both ends of the border, and then one end of the yam frame net is pierced into the steel wire to make the whole piece droop naturally, and then the bottom line is used to pass through the lower mesh, and the steel wire is flattened and fixed for the support of the yam vine.

2. Water and fertilizer. The growth of Chinese yam is relatively fast, drip irrigation every 3 days for 2 hours, and topdressing for 3 times. Special seedling fertilizer (150kg.hm-2) can be dissolved in water for drip irrigation, and enter the middle growth stage about 30 days after emergence. In the middle stage, drip irrigation should be carried out once every 3 days, for 4 hours each time. The special Chinese yam fertilizer (300kg.hm-2) was dissolved in water for drip irrigation. In the peak growth period after budding of Chinese yam, drip irrigation was performed every 3 days, for 5 hours each time, and topdressing every 6 days. The special fertilizer (600kg.hm-2) was dissolved in water and drip irrigation was carried out, and the water output of drip mouth was 2-3L.h-1.

3. Pruning. During the growing period of Chinese yam, the side branches should be pruned in time, the yam beans should be removed, and 5 side branches should be retained in each plant.

4. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. In the stem vine growth period, common leaf spot and anthracnose diseases can be foliar sprayed every 7 days, with 50% carbendazim 500 times, 70% mancozeb 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times.

7. Timely harvest

Harvest begins in mid-late October. After harvesting before the Beginning of Winter, you can remove the soil from the plastic film and casing, then dig out the casing, remove the joint and open the clamp, and you can take out the yam.