The key to the cultivation technology of Pleurotus ostreatus in greenhouse is strain selection and treatment.

Site selection: choose mountains or forest clearings that are leeward to the sun and close to water sources. Site treatment: after the land is deeply turned over, it is sterilized, and then it is ventilated. Raw materials: bean straw, corn straw and rice straw are selected and used as mixing material after treatment. Formula and sowing method: make a reasonable medium formula according to the nutritional needs of Pleurotus ostreatus, and then do the bacteria bed to spread bacteria. Strain selection and treatment: according to the sowing season to select the appropriate strain, the strain needs to be sowed in time, not suitable for storage.

I. site selection

The main results are as follows: 1. Pleurotus ostreatus generally grows in flat areas with good drainage and leeward to the sun, such as mountains near water sources and forest clearings.

2. Pleurotus ostreatus likes the sun but is afraid of the sun, so it is best to plant it in a place that can block the sun and shade.

3. When planting Pleurotus ostreatus indoors, in greenhouse or in the open field, the terrain should not be too dry. When building mushroom farms, try not to choose places with high wind fluidity and no moisturizing, especially in hillside areas with serious soil erosion. On the contrary, too much water in low-lying areas is not conducive to the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus.

4. The east-west direction of the greenhouse or greenhouse should be chosen, and it should be built according to the requirements of the width of the bed frame 1.2m, the distance of the layer frame 45cm-55cm and the width of the aisle 65cm-70cm.

II. Site treatment

Determine the site for cleaning, conditions can turn the land deep, the use of bedstead to grow Pleurotus ostreatus to complete the construction, and then two days before sowing closed cultivation, sterilization treatment, with 10ml/m3 formaldehyde and 7g potassium permanganate mixed or 15g-20g/m3 sulfur gas steam one to two days, during which to spray the right amount of water, in order to achieve the effect, before feeding the airtight space to open ventilation, exhaust toxic gases.

III. Raw material selection and treatment

1. Raw material selection

The main results are as follows: (1) the raw materials of Pleurotus ostreatus include rice straw, sawdust, distiller's grains, corn straw, leaves, waste paper, corncob, bean straw, cottonseed husk, waste cotton, crop straw and leftovers of industry and sideline.

(2) try not to use moldy raw materials. Even those stored every other year need to be fully exposed to the sun for two to three days before they can be used. Choose fresh raw materials to grow high-quality Pleurotus ostreatus.

(3) the Pleurotus ostreatus planted with corncob in Northeast China not only has the best yield and quality, but also has low cost, followed by sawdust and bean straw.

(4) the average yield of Pleurotus ostreatus planted in Shandong and Henan is higher than that in the whole northeast region, and the average yield of Pleurotus ostreatus planted in Shandong and Henan is higher than that in the whole northeast region.

2. Raw material treatment

The raw materials need to be processed before mixing, for example, corncobs need to be crushed into particles and kept in the size of peas. In addition, bean stalks, corn stalks and rice straw can be directly cut into small sections of 6cm-8cm with a sickle, sawdust and lees can be mixed directly.

(1) Bean stalk and corn stalk

Fully soak in 1.5% lime water for 15-20 minutes, pick it up in a container and pile it together for 12-24 hours, wait for proper watering, and then mix the bean stalks and corn stalks through water.

(2) Rice straw

Fully soak in 2% lime water for 12-24 hours, remove the container and rinse clean with clean water, keep ph between 7.5-8, moisture content at 60% Mak 65%, water control can be used as mixing material by holding hands without dripping water as the standard.

IV. Formula selection and sowing methods

1. Formula selection

The suitable formula of the culture medium should be reasonably proportioned according to the nutritional requirements of Pleurotus ostreatus, which not only saves the raw materials, but also uses the nutrients in the medium.

(1) selection of mixing material

According to the actual situation, choose one of the following ingredients.

Formula 1: corncob 90%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1.5%, cornmeal 5%, lime 2%, moisture content 60%.

Formula 2: optional rice straw (soaking) 39%, calcium superphosphate 1%, rice bran 20%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, sawdust 39%, moisture content 65%.

Formula 3: 45% soybean straw, 1% gypsum, 2% lime, 45% sawdust, 0.3% urea, 0.2% magnesium sulfate, 5% corn meal, 1.5% calcium superphosphate and 60-65% moisture content.

Formula 4: soybean straw 90%, calcium superphosphate 1.5%, gypsum 1%, corn flour 6%, moisture content 65%.

Formula 5: optional rice straw (soaking) 90%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, lime 1.5%, calcium superphosphate 2%, urea 0.3%, corn meal 6%, moisture content 65%.

(2) corncob (formula 1) treatment method: according to the formula above, first stir the lime, corn flour and gypsum together, then add it to the corncob crushed by a grinder and stir again. Calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be diluted and dissolved in water for many times, mixed into the culture material, the initial ph value should be 10-14, after 1-2.5 hours of pressure. In the later stage, it was reduced to 8.5-9, and the moisture control was 60% Murray and 65%.

2. Sowing method

(1) first lay a layer of 2cm river sand and spray an appropriate amount of 2% potassium permanganate.

(2) then make a 60cm-80cm wide bacterial bed and sprinkle it with 1/5 bacteria, slightly more in the middle.

(3) then spread 5cm thick culture material, according to the proportion of two-layer material, three-layer bacteria or three-layer material and four-layer bacteria, it is appropriate to spread 5cm-20cm, properly suppress the culture material, make it high in the middle and low on the left and right sides, then spread a layer of plastic sheet, compact the surroundings with sand, and finally cover the shade.

No matter which cultivation method is adopted, it is necessary to sow more seeds around to prevent and control the contamination of miscellaneous bacteria. In addition, it is necessary to strictly control the moisture and pH ratio of the strain, which is related to the final yield of Pleurotus ostreatus.

5. Strain selection and treatment

1. Strain selection

(1) species of bacteria

Medium-temperature and medium-high temperature strains such as Nong Xin 1, Xinping 1012, Jiuhua 191 and Grey Equity were selected in early spring, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus and HP1 in summer, Australia Black, A2, delicious 5.39, German No. 2 and Ji Mushroom in autumn and winter.

(2) strain quality

The mycelium is white in color, dense and robust, connected up and down, and fluff grows on the upper surface, does not shrink, there is no stagnant water, with a few quantum solid primordia, and it can be judged as an excellent strain if it is dug out in the bottle and not loose.

The mycelium is fine and yellowing, sparse, thin, dry, stagnant water and a large number of fruiting body primordia, such strains are generally aging and can not be used; even yellow, green, gray and other mixed-color colonies appear in the bottle, which can be judged that the bacteria have been seriously contaminated and can not be used.

2. Strain storage

Poor quality of bacteria or large-scale planting of contaminated strains will lead to the spread of miscellaneous bacteria, a substantial decline in production and heavy losses. Therefore, the strain should be sown in time, if it must be stored, in order to avoid sunlight or damp on rainy days, resulting in bacteria pollution deterioration, can be placed in a cool storage room for safekeeping.

3. Treatment method

Prepare 0.2% potassium permanganate and tools such as pots, plastic sheeting, tweezers and so on, and start digging bacteria. Select the appropriate strain on the table, clean the outer bottle wall and seal with 0.2% Lysol solution, discard the surface bacterial skin after opening the seal, and dig the rest into pea-sized bacteria blocks. If the bacteria are packed in plastic bags, they should be washed with 0.2% Lysol and broken, and the seeds can be sown after covering a layer of newspaper. In addition, the site as far as possible to reduce the entry and exit of personnel, no wind and sun, can not touch water, in order to prevent miscellaneous bacteria infection.