Planting technique and mu income of Atractylodes macrocephala

Selection of fertile and loose soil; seedling setting: about 15 cm between plants and 25 cm between rows; weeding: weeding 3-4 times a year; watering: timely watering in drought, keeping the soil moist, thawing and watering in early spring to protect seedlings, preventing waterlogging in rainy season; fertilization: applying farm manure per mu in seedling stage; remaining seeds: picking buds and keeping seeds in budding stage; harvest: 3-4 years after sowing or 2-3 years after transplanting. The income ranges from 7000 to 16000 yuan per mu.

1. Planting techniques of Atractylodes lancea

1. Land selection and preparation

The main results are as follows: (1) Atractylodes grows in soil with rich humus, and it can also be planted in medium to slightly acidic sandy loam with strong water absorption, good drainage, loose soil and dry direct sunlight zone.

(2) the technology of large ridge and high bed is generally adopted, the width is about 130-140cm, the height is about 10-12cm, the bed spacing is about 30cm, and the length is determined according to the actual situation.

2. The seedlings are fixed

Direct seeding began when the seedlings grew to 5-6cm high, seedlings were fixed when 10-15cm was high, plant spacing was 15-20cm, row spacing was 25cm, 2-3 seedlings were left in each hole and transplanting 12000-15000 seedlings per mu.

3. Ploughing and weeding

The main results are as follows: (1) the proper weeding and loosening soil for crops in the seedling stage can better promote the growth and development of Atractylodes lancea and avoid the loss of excess nutrients.

(2) in general, Atractylodes lancea loosens the soil every two months, which is beneficial to soil topdressing and weeding 3-4 times a year after transplanting.

4. Timely watering

The main results are as follows: (1) if there is a dry climate, Atractylodes should be watered in time, and the soil moisture should be maintained before and after emergence.

(2) appropriate amount of water should be poured after thawing in early spring to ensure that there are enough seedlings in the field. Atractylodes can stop watering after maturity, and pay attention to waterlogging prevention in rainy season.

5. Reasonable topdressing

The main results are as follows: (1) 2000kg/ mu of rotten farm manure is usually applied at seedling stage, and topdressing is carried out around June, and 2500-3000kg/ mu of rotten farm manure and 15kg/ mu of superphosphate are applied.

(2) dig a ditch in October, apply stable manure or compost in the ditch, cover it with soil, and then irrigate the right amount of water.

6. Pick buds and leave seeds

The main results are as follows: (1) Bud picking is very important to Atractylodes lancea, which determines the quality of Atractylodes lancea. It is necessary to pick buds in the bud stage of Atractylodes lancea, which can concentrate the nutrients of the whole plant to the underground rhizome, so as to promote the further growth and development of the rhizome.

(2) it is also necessary to retain seeds after picking buds. The land which is fertile and loose and suitable for the growth of Atractylodes macrocephala should be selected as the remaining field, and the flowers and buds should be thinned properly to keep the whole plant strong and cultivate fine seedlings of the next generation.

7. Timely harvest

The Atractylodes lancea harvested at the right time has not only good medicinal effect but also high value. the general harvest time is 3-4 years after sowing or 2-3 years after transplanting.

When the stems and leaves wither from October to November in the Spring and Autumn period, all the aboveground stems and leaves should be cut off, and then the roots should be plucked from the soil, removed from the mud and washed, cut off the excess lateral roots and fibrous roots, and then fully dried.

Second, the income of planting acre of Atractylodes lancea

The main results are as follows: 1. There are various planting methods of Atractylodes, such as field cultivation, orchard interplanting, under-forest cultivation, seed transplanting, but the plant growth in Northeast China is short, and it is not drought-resistant after transplanting, and it can only be transplanted after 2 years in alpine areas. or raise seedlings in greenhouse, the method of plastic film can also be transplanted when the temperature is lowered in autumn.

2. The seedling after transplanting produces 1000-1500kg/ mu of fresh Atractylodes lancea in 2-3 years, and the dry product yield of Atractylodes can reach 500-700kg.

3. If calculated according to the purchase price of the producing area, the output value per mu is about 15000-18000 yuan, including seedlings 1500 yuan / mu, fertilizer 250yuan / mu, pesticide 50 yuan / mu, and the net profit per mu is 7200 yuan-16200 yuan / mu after excluding the cost.

III. Disease and pest control of Atractylodes lancea

1. Root rot

(1) harm: the root rot of Atractylodes occurs mostly in May-June. If the disease is named, it will cause root rot, unable to absorb water and nutrients normally, and eventually rot and die.

(2) Prevention and control methods: 1000 times solution of 50% wettable powder or 1% lime water can be used for prevention and control, or 50% topiramate can be sprayed to prevent and cure the disease.

2. Aphids

The main results are as follows: (1) harm: most of them occur in spring and summer, and aphids breed. When aphids are found in crops, the diseases of tender shoots and leaves are serious.

(2) Control methods: 1000 times of 50% fenitrothion emulsion can be used, or 3000 times of 50% aldicarb wettable powder or 3000 times of 2.5% thiazuron emulsion can be sprayed with tobacco lime water at 1:1:10.

3. Ground tiger

The main results are as follows: (1) harm: ground tiger larvae like to eat young leaves, cotyledons and tender stems near the ground, which will cause the plant to be unable to absorb nutrients and die.

(2) Control methods: 80% dichlorvos or 50% phoxim can be diluted with water, or 50% phoxim EC can be mixed with an appropriate amount of fine sand for control.