Pruning and cultivation techniques of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

Truncation: light truncate leaving a few shoots, medium truncate spring shoots at the middle and upper germinating position, heavy truncate shoots at the middle and lower parts, extremely heavy truncate shoots at the bottom growing weakly. Thin pruning: thin weak stay strong concentrated pruning, cutting strong branches weakened branches, large branches pruned annually. Shrinkage shear: shear small thick, shear large weakened, backbone branch shrinkage auxiliary pile. Release: erect branches should not be released, growth should be slow release, growth weak timely cut short and shrink.

1. Pruning and cultivation techniques of flowering trees

1. Shortened

Short cuts are also called short cuts. The longer the cut branches are, the stronger the cut buds are, and the longer and stronger the new branches will be. According to the length of the cut branches, they are divided into the following four kinds of short cuts:

(1) Light truncation

Light short cutting is to cut a small number of branches, easy to grow into medium and short branches after cutting, single branch growth quantity is large, but most of them are weak, which is conducive to accelerating the growth of mother branches and easing the growth of branches to a certain extent.

(2) Short and medium

Medium and short cut is in the middle and upper position of spring, full of buds, easy to grow into medium and long branches after cutting, single branch growth is better, branch force is very high.

(3) Heavy truncation

The position of heavy truncation is in the middle and lower part of the branch. After truncation, it is easy to produce good branches, generally about 1-2 branches. Although the growth is strong, the branch formation force is low, and the total growth is not much.

(4) Extremely short

Extremely short cut is cut off to the bottom of the branch growth weaker bud, cut off easy to sprout, short branches, 1-3 or so, weak growth into low branches, some sensitive pepper varieties can also sprout individual branches.

2, thin cut

Thinning is also called thinning branches. In the specific operation, the method of thinning weak and leaving strong is often used to carry out centralized pruning, which can not only concentrate nutrients to enhance growth, but also enhance branch growth and development, and improve pepper yield.

(1) After thinning, the mother branch will be weakened to a certain extent, reducing the total growth of the tree body, so we will adopt the method of thinning and cutting the strong branch to weaken the auxiliary branch, promote the flower bud formation, thin and cut the strong branch to reduce the number of branches, so that the branches reach a balance point, adjust the balance relationship between branches, and cut the fruit branches appropriately when the year is productive, in case of big and small years.

(2) When thinning larger branches, thin cutting should be carried out according to the year. Excessive thinning will cause "corresponding injury" and weaken the growth. Pay attention to thinning from the bottom, and the wound will heal more easily. However, if the interception is too long, it is easy to grow latent buds to avoid the formation of redundant long branches in the later stage, and even grow into residual piles leading to decay.

3. Shrinkage

Retraction shear is also called retraction. Retraction shear can reduce the dominant position of the top, change the length of the branch, achieve ventilation and light transmission conditions, and prevent the crown from expanding. It can also shorten the length of branches and control the growth of branches.

(1) The cut is generally small, and when the cut branch is thick, it can enhance the growth of the cut branch.

(2) When the cut is large, most of them should be cut off and the growth of the cut branches should be weakened.

(3) When the backbone branches are reduced, the perennial parts should pay attention to keeping auxiliary piles to avoid weakening the cut branches.

4. Release

Throwing is also called slow release and long release, which has the effect of easing the growth of new shoots and reducing the force of branch formation. After throwing, the number of long branches and branches will obviously become more and thicker.

(1) During the growth period, oblique, horizontal and drooping branches are released, although there are many buds, but overall the growth of the branches is not good; the upright branches on the backbone branches are not released, otherwise there will be a phenomenon of "long trees on trees", which will affect the tree shape and flower buds.

(2) The effect can not be seen temporarily after the release, and some will not appear for several years, so the varieties with vigorous growth should be released slowly, and then retracted in time after the flower buds or flowering fruits are grown, and cultivated into fruit branch groups. Weak-growing varieties should not be slow release, should be timely cut short and cut too many branches, otherwise it will become senescence, affecting yield.

Second, pepper pruning precautions

1. When pruning pepper, ensure that the cut is smooth and the slope is above 30 degrees to avoid accumulated water and rotten piles.

2. For some farmers with large yield and large area of prickly ash, it may be mid-and late July after picking, and pruning will affect the normal hair pulling of branches in the next year and reduce the yield of the next year. Therefore, you can choose to cut off the big branches of prickly ash tree in late June or early July, and then carefully prune the branches.

3. In mid-July, there will be summer high temperature and summer drought. At this time, it is best to leave a few branches with leaves for the pruned prickly ash. The leaves can effectively regulate the evaporation of water, play the role of transpiration to transport fertilizer upward, promote the differentiation of new branches and ensure the yield.