Planting methods and raw materials of Lentinus edodes

Making bacterial bags: making bacterial bags according to the formula. Sterilization: making steamer, high temperature sterilization, sulfur steaming and fumigation. Inoculation: bag temperature 30 ℃ and room temperature 25 ℃ in the morning and evening. Germ culture: the bacteria were pierced for 3-4 weeks. Color conversion management: operate in the germ room. Mushroom management: build greenhouse or greenhouse, temperature difference up to 10 ℃, humidity 85% temperature change to promote mushroom. Harvest: concentrate on getting rid of the inferior and retaining the good. Raw materials for growing Lentinus edodes: sawdust, straw and weeds, etc.

I. planting methods of Lentinus edodes

1. Manufacture of bacterial bags

(1) formulation

Formula 1: poplar sawdust 79%, gypsum 1%, wheat bran 20%, carbendazim 0.1%.

Formula 2: corncob 45%, poplar saw foam 40%, gypsum 1%, lime powder 1%, corn flour 13%, carbendazim 0.1%.

(2) mixing material

After ① weighs the raw materials according to the above formula, mix the sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum and turn it back and forth several times.

② then add carbendazim and lime to the water, stir evenly, water and mix well with a spray can, while mixing the material evenly, the water content can reach about 60%.

③ can be used as a mixing material with the standard of holding without dripping water with both hands.

(3) bagging

① uses low-pressure polyethylene film to make large bags of 25 × 55cm or medium bags of 17-20 × 55cm, which are filled with 2kg and 1.5kg dry materials, respectively.

② will seal the bottom of the plastic bag without air leakage, put it into the mixing material, and tighten it properly.

2. Sterilization

(1) making steamer

The bagged Lentinus edodes made of ① need to build a suitable capacity steamer to sterilize.

The standard of ② is 2m in length, 2m in width, 2.5m in height and 8-10m in volume. An iron pot with a diameter of 1.5m is selected and smeared with high-grade cement inside and outside.

③ put curtains made of wooden square or iron bars on the pot, then spread the sacks, and finally use galvanized sheet to make a 2.1m lid.

(2) add water to the pot

The amount of water in the pot before steaming should be adequate, and the height of the water surface is about 20cm from the curtain. After the bag material is tied up, it will be arranged neatly up and down, and placed on the curtain in batches.

(3) High temperature sterilization

After ① opened fire, the temperature of the steamer was raised to 100 ℃ within 4-6 hours. Continue to heat and keep the temperature constant for 10 hours.

② then turn off the heat and keep it stuffy for another night. When the temperature of the material drops to 70 ℃, you can get out of the pot and inoculate after cooling.

3. Inoculation

(1) disinfect the room

Close the doors and windows about a week before inoculation, disinfect the room, disinfect the tools to be used together, and then steam and fumigate with sulfur.

(2) inoculation time

The inoculation time is suitable in the morning and evening, and it can be inoculated when the temperature of the bag drops to 30 ℃.

(3) vaccination procedure

When inoculating, the number of people should not be too large, four people are better to operate, first light the alcohol lamp to punch the bacteria, take out and mix the bag, tie the mouth to point the bacteria, seal after that, pile 5 layers of bacteria bags, and put them in the shape of "well".

4. Germ culture

The main results are as follows: (1) it is best to control the indoor temperature at 25 ℃ and keep the dark light, which is suitable for mycelium culture.

(2) about 3-4 weeks after inoculation, use toothpicks to pierce 0.5-1.0cm deep holes in the inoculation point, about 10-20, 10 days per time, and then choose larger tools to pierce holes, such as sweater needles, chopsticks and so on.

5. Color conversion management

Usually in the bacteria room to do color conversion operation, control the room temperature 20-30 ℃ ventilation environment, take out after soaking in lime water, take out the bacteria tube, ventilation time should not exceed 30 minutes.

6. Management of mushroom production period

(1) Construction of mushroom shed

① generally chooses places with sunny leeward, flat terrain, dry and not easy to accumulate water, sanitary and clean, and sufficient water to build greenhouses or greenhouses, such as courtyards, villages, orchards, before and after houses, and open spaces between trees.

② choose a convenient place to enter and exit materials, pay attention to the mushroom shed to cover shade, appropriate for shiitake mushroom light.

(2) discharge of bacterial bags

The bacterial bags are arranged horizontally on the bedstead on each floor, and the 4cm puts one, which can put 42-44. In addition, a water immersion pool is built to facilitate water replenishment.

(3) changing temperature to accelerate mushroom.

The formation of mushroom buds should reach the condition that the temperature difference between day and night in the greenhouse is more than 10 ℃ and 85% humidity, and variable temperature promotes mushrooms to improve yield and efficiency.

7. Harvest

(1) to remove the inferior and retain the good: the growth and development of Lentinus edodes is concentrated, and those with poor growth should be removed in time to keep the average distance.

(2) heating up Lentinus edodes in early spring or late autumn can advance or postpone the harvest time, and the bags can be piled up in winter and harvested when the temperature rises, which can be sold fresh or made into dry products.

(3) after harvest, the hyphae enter the rest and recuperation stage and accumulate a certain amount of nutrition, which will continue for a long time in the next life.

Raw materials of Lentinus edodes

1. Sawdust

Sawdust is the main raw material for Lentinus edodes production, which is rich in polysaccharides, organic nitrogen, cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, vitamins and inorganic salts, and has few harmful substances. Most of the cultivated Lentinus edodes have good quality and high yield.

3. Straw

There are also crop straw, core shell such as cottonseed shell, corncob, sunflower seed shell, hemp straw, soybean straw and other scraps, which are also widely used in the production of Lentinus edodes, which are rich in nutrition and even exceed the quality of sawdust.

3. Weeds

The raw materials of ① weeds are firefly and Reed, which are nutritious, green and pollution-free, and can be used as raw materials for the production of Lentinus edodes instead of sawdust.

The average yield of ② 1kg dried weeds is about 800g of fresh mushrooms, which is not only low in cost, but also similar to that of sawdust. It is easy to deteriorate and damage the production value in spring and winter dry season, which is not suitable in the overcast and rainy days in summer.