How to plant Chinese yam in the air

Hole-drilling and hanging planting is to make holes of appropriate size according to the tuber length of yam, and the tools for drilling holes can use circular soil shovels to select fields with high and dry terrain, low groundwater level and convenient drainage and irrigation, and drill holes in late autumn or early winter. the cut yam segments were disinfected, put into the seedbed to promote sprouting, put them into the hole after budding, applied appropriate amount of cake fertilizer, urea and diammonium phosphate per mu, and covered with plastic film to let them grow naturally. The tripod should be built in the later stage, and the side branches should be trimmed in time.

First, choose the drilling tool.

The main results are as follows: 1. According to the length of the yam tuber extending into the ground, a suitable size cave is made to make the yam tuber suspended in the hole. The tool for drilling the hole can be a circular soil shovel, the shovel head is circled into a semicircle with a diameter of 8-10cm with a thin steel plate, the bottom of the semicircle is cut into 3 triangular small notches, and the length of the shovel head is 20cm.

2. The wooden handle is installed on the shovel head, the length of the wooden handle is 180-200cm, and then according to the plant spacing and row spacing of different varieties, holes are made in the field, generally in the small area of land when farming is idle in winter and spring, holes can be made manually, while large areas of land need to be drilled with mechanized tools.

II. Soil requirements

Holes can be drilled and planted in fields with high dry terrain, low water table and convenient drainage and irrigation, but sand dunes and too hard soil are not suitable for drilling and planting yam, because the clay content is less than 5%, and 95% is fine sand and coarse sand. It is easy to collapse after drilling, and the cost of drilling is higher than that of the school.

Third, burrowing and fertilizing

Choose to apply 10000 jin of rotten barnyard manure per mu as base fertilizer in late autumn or early winter, then plough the soil, drill holes in winter to the following spring fallow season, 70cm lines according to line spacing before drilling, dig shallow trenches with a depth of 6-8cm on the line, and then use drilling tools to drill holes in shallow ditches according to 25-30cm plant spacing.

Generally, the hole diameter is 8cm and the hole depth is 100-150cm. The specific specifications are selected according to the roughness and length of the selected species of yam. If it is Taigu yam, the hole depth can be about 80cm, but not less than 60cm.

IV. Disinfection of selected sections

1. Excerpt: healthy tubers with a diameter of more than 3cm can be selected for yam segments. The weight of yam segments varies from 20-40g to 80-120g. Then the seed potato is divided into segments according to the standard of 10cm length, and the weight of each piece is 30-40g.

2. Disinfection: in the process of cutting, disinfection and sterilization should be carried out to avoid damage to the cortex on the yam, which is conducive to improving the budding rate. Generally, the segments are cut about 30 days before planting, and the incision can be stained with a layer of plant ash. The seeds can also be soaked with 300-fold solution of more than 40% carbendazim glue suspension for 15 minutes, and then fished out to dry, which is helpful to reduce the infection of bacteria.

5. Accelerating germination and planting

The bed soil for promoting germination can be wet sand fine soil, and the suitable temperature of the seedling bed is about 25 ℃. It can sprout after waiting for 14 days, and it can be planted when the local temperature reaches 10 ℃. When planting, cover the hole mouth with plastic film first, gently compact it with soil around, and then put the seed potato on the plastic film, and align the buds at the hole mouth, which is beneficial to the growth of tubers into the hole.

After putting it into the hole, use soil to cultivate a ridge with a width of 40cm and a height of 15-20cm. Combined with ridges, 200jin of cake fertilizer, 20jin of urea and 30jin of diammonium phosphate can be applied per mu, and evenly mixed with soil. Because of the geotropism of seed potato, there is no need to cut and break the film on the plastic film, and the general yam tuber can drill through the plastic film to grow.

VI. Post-management

When the seedlings grow to about 30cm, the frame material can be used to build a tripod. In the exuberant stage of plant growth, the lateral branches occur more frequently, and the basal lateral branches need to be removed in time, which is helpful to reduce nutrient consumption, make the plant ventilated and transparent to improve the photosynthetic efficiency.

7. Advantages of digging holes in yam planting

The main results are as follows: 1. The planting density of Chinese yam can be significantly increased by drilling holes in yam, which can be increased by about 1 × 3, and 3500-4000 plants can be planted per mu, and the weight of yam tuber will not decrease, so it can increase the yield by more than 30% compared with traditional planting techniques.

2. Burrowing and planting yam saves labor compared with traditional planting, avoids the heavy work of digging deep trenches, and can be used for 3-5 years after drilling once.