High-yield planting techniques of ginger with a yield of 10,000 jin per mu

Select high-quality healthy ginger pieces without disease and insect pests as seeds, sun-dry ginger and sleepy seeds in early March, then carry out fine soil preparation and apply sufficient base fertilizer, soak the sun-dried ginger seeds with ginger plague powder, raw Jiangbao and other pesticides, then dry and sprout, sow in batches when the ginger buds grow to 0.5-1cm, plant about 6500-8000 plants per mu, water reasonably, pay attention to light application of seedling fertilizer and heavy application of combined branch fertilizer. After Frosts Descent, the harvest output can be as high as more than 12000 jin.

First, select ginger species

About one month before sowing, after the ginger seeds were taken out from the kiln, the soil on the ginger pieces was washed, and healthy ginger pieces with fat, plump, glossy skin color, fresh meat, no shrinkage, no decay, no freezing, hard texture and no diseases and insect pests were selected for seed. Generally, the weight of ginger per plant is 50-75g, and the seed ginger is used for about 400-500kg per mu.

Second, dry ginger and sleepy ginger

Choose in early March, sunny 8-9 o'clock at noon, put the ginger seeds on the sunny ground to dry, put them into the house in the evening, cover with grass curtain to moisturize, help to promote the decomposition of ginger nutrition, generally sun ginger for 2-3 days, then trap the seeds for 8-9 days, and keep the suitable temperature at 10-15 ℃, which is beneficial to promote bud differentiation.

Third, fine soil preparation and adequate application of basic fertilizer

The main results are as follows: 1. Select the land with fertile soil, good drainage and irrigation and no ginger blast, avoid repeated cropping as far as possible, and carry out fine soil preparation as early as possible in spring, which can be combined with the application of cake fertilizer, organic fertilizer, plant ash, high-quality chicken manure, disease-free residual ring fertilizer, combined with high-quality ring fertilizer 5000-10000kg, or high-quality rotten chicken manure as base fertilizer.

2. In the land with sufficient fertilizer and water, ditch sowing was made according to the row spacing of 60-65cm, and boron fertilizer 1kg, zinc fertilizer 2kg, potassium sulfate 50kg, ternary compound fertilizer 50kg and bean cake 100kg were applied as seed fertilizer.

Fourth, accelerating budding

1. Soak the sun-dried ginger seeds with 200-fold solution of pesticides such as Lvba, Ginger distemper Powder and Shengjiangbao for about 10 minutes to play the role of disinfection, and then remove them to dry and sprout.

2. Put ginger in the basket around wheat straw to keep warm, sprout in the shed or in the sun, keep the air humidity at 80-85% and the temperature at 22-25 ℃, need to master the high before and low after 20 days, when the ginger sprouts grow to 0.5-1cm, sow in batches according to the size of ginger buds.

5. Sowing and plastic film mulching

According to the ground temperature, air temperature and late frost time in the area, plastic film cultivation can be carried out 20-30 days earlier than sowing in the open field. 100-150g special herbicides per mu should be sprayed with water before mulching to control weeds under the film. The plastic film with thickness of 0.005-0.006mm and width of 120mm can be selected.

6. Properly sparse planting and enlarging ginger cubes

Proper reduction of planting density is beneficial to improve the quality and yield of single plant. The suitable planting density of high-yield plot is about 6500 plants per mu, the row spacing is 50-55cm, the plant spacing is 25cm, the suitable planting density of medium fertilizer plot is about 8000 plants per mu, the row spacing is 45cm, the plant spacing is 20cm, and the seed amount per mu is about 500kg.

7. Timely shading and promoting growth

1. When the emergence rate of ginger reaches 50%, shading needs to be carried out in time, which is conducive to promoting the healthy growth of ginger seedlings. Shading net can be used to shade, which is evenly distributed and convenient for field management in the later stage.

2. Specific methods: the sunshade net can be pulled into a banner between the ginger rows, and the two ends can be fixed with a bamboo pole with a width of 60-65cm. During this period, the shading rate can be selected as 40% shading net, and firewood and grass should not be used for shading, because firewood and grass generally carry the remains of diseases and insects, especially the overwintering corn borer insects in the corn straw are brought into the ginger field, which will increase the number of ginger field borer insects and affect the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.

8. Light application of seedling fertilizer and heavy application of combined branch fertilizer

1. We can choose to apply autumn fertilizer in combination with watering in the first and middle of June, apply urea 25kg per mu along the water, remove plastic film in the first and middle of July, apply ternary compound fertilizer 50kg per mu, and apply potassium sulfate 30kg per mu before August 20. After topdressing, we need to water immediately.

2. In the middle of September, depending on the growth of ginger seedlings, a small amount of nitrogen or potassium fertilizer and foliar topdressing can be applied. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used and sprayed every 7-10 days for 3-4 times.

IX. Rational watering

1. Ginger likes the humid environment, so there needs to be sufficient water in the field. In order to ensure the smooth emergence of ginger seedlings, on the basis of watering thoroughly before sowing, there is usually no need to water ginger seedlings before emergence, and they can wait until 70% of ginger seedlings are unearthed before watering. The details can be determined according to weather conditions, soil texture and soil moisture conditions.

2. If the ginger seedlings are watered too late, the ginger seedlings will be affected by drought, and the bud heads will easily dry up. Because the plastic film has a good effect of preserving soil moisture, there is no need to water too much in the seedling stage. Generally, it is appropriate to water under the plastic film. In summer, watering can be carried out in the morning and evening, but it is not suitable to be watered at noon. At the same time, it is necessary to drain the ginger in time after the rain. Before and after the Beginning of Autumn, ginger begins to enter the vigorous growth period, and the number of times of water needs increases. It can be watered every 4-5 days. Keep the soil moist.

3. In order to ensure less clay and convenient storage of ginger after harvest, water can be irrigated for the last time 3-4 days before harvest. After applying sufficient branching fertilizer, the soil can be cultivated for about 2-3 times according to the growth of ginger, so as to ensure that the growth will not break out.

X. prevention and control of ginger blast

When ginger blast occurs, crop rotation can be used to change stubble, dig drainage ditch, drain and prevent waterlogging, or soak the roots with 1500-2000 times of medicine solutions such as ginger treasure, ginger distemper powder, fertilisin, Lvba and so on. When it is found that the diseased plants should be pulled out in time, the soil should be treated with these solutions and marked with lime, and the soil will be deeply buried after ginger harvest.

11. Pest control

During the whole growth period of ginger, the main pests are borer, beet armyworm, ginger thrips, etc. during the whole growth period of ginger, the main pests are borer, beet armyworm, ginger thrips, etc. during the whole growth period, the main pests are borer, beet armyworm, ginger thrips and so on.

Harvest at the right time

The main results are as follows: 1. When the temperature is 8-18 ℃ at the end of autumn, due to sufficient light and large temperature difference between day and night, the growing period can be appropriately prolonged, which is beneficial to increase yield. After Frosts Descent harvest, the average yield per mu can be increased by 30-60kg. Ginger harvested at this time will not frostbite ginger pieces, but also can make full use of the critical period of ginger yield increase in the later stage, so it is not suitable to harvest prematurely.

2. In order to facilitate the later storage and the return of nutrients, the stalks around 3cm can be retained, and the method of autumn delay can also be chosen to improve the yield. Before the first frost, the arched shed can be set up in the ginger field, and then the agricultural film protection can be delayed, which can prolong the ginger growing period by about 20-30 days, increase the yield by more than 1000kg per mu, and the yield can reach more than 12000 jin per mu.

XIII. Deep well kiln storage

1. Ginger can be stored by digging cellar, which is a method with low investment, easy management and convenient operation. Deep well kiln can store about 20,000 jin of ginger at a cost of only 200-300 yuan, usually 5-7 meters deep, and then dig 2-3 holes for ginger storage. The temperature in the cellar needs to be kept at 11-13 ℃, and the air humidity needs to be kept above 90%.

2. When ginger is put into a deep kiln, the bottom of the pit needs to be cleaned in time. If it is too dry, it can be properly watered to keep it moist. When entering the kiln, the root of the ginger should be watered down. After all, cover it with a layer of white sand to moisturize and keep the hole open. Seal in front of Lesser Snow, generally control ginger maggots, maintain the freshness of ginger pieces, and use fungicides such as chlorothalonil and carbendazim in advance. The pit holes were sterilized.