Planting techniques of watermelon in open field in early spring

Sowing: after seed was mixed with new high fat film, seedlings were raised in hotbed agricultural film arch shed, which needed more exposure and less cover in the later stage, and the film was uncovered three days before transplanting. Fertilization: a large amount of fertilizer is needed during the growth period, and double-furrow fertilization can be carried out if sufficient base fertilizer is applied; urea, human feces and urine can be applied in the vine period; it is not suitable to apply too much fertilizer and water in the fruit setting period, and topdressing should be carried out when the young fruit has the size of eggs. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as sudden fall, Fusarium wilt, anthrax, aphids, yellow melons, ground tigers, red spiders and so on.

First, sowing seeds

Seed dressing with new high fat film can be selected before sowing, which can reduce the incidence of underground diseases and insect pests, isolate bacteria infection, do not affect the function of seed germination, strengthen respiratory intensity, increase seed germination rate, and raise seedlings with hotbed agricultural film arch sheet. in the middle and later stage of seedling cultivation, it is necessary to expose more and cover less during the day and night, and open the film to refine the seedlings all day 3-5 days before transplanting, which is conducive to the cultivation of healthy seedlings.

Second, apply sufficient base fertilizer

1. Watermelon needs a large amount of fertilizer during the growth period, so it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting, which is beneficial to the high quality, stable yield and high yield of watermelon. The rotten mature fertilizer 1500-2000kg and watermelon special compound fertilizer 25-30kg can be applied per mu.

2. Double-ditch fertilization can be carried out. At the two ends of the middle of the box, there is a ditch with a depth and width of 20-40cm, and then the prepared fertilizer is applied to the two ditches, covering the soil 5cm or so, and the seedlings can be planted in the middle of the two ditches.

3. This way of fertilization can not burn seedlings and prevent overgrowth, and it can also be sprayed appropriately to promote the transformation of plant vegetative growth into reproductive nutrition, inhibit the growth of main shoots, promote flower bud differentiation and improve the quality of pollen fertilization. make the plant blossom more and bear more fruit.

Third, scientific topdressing

The main results are as follows: 1. Applying sufficient bottom fertilizer before planting, only urea 3kg and human fecal urine 200kg are needed in the spreading period. Watermelon is more sensitive to water and fertilizer during flowering and fruit setting period. If there is too much fertilizer and water at this time, it will lead to plant overnutrition, which is easy to cause overgrowth, which is not conducive to plant growth.

2. therefore, when the young fruit is as big as an egg, topdressing can be carried out appropriately, combined with spraying Zhuangguatiling, which is beneficial to thickening the pedicel and promoting the rapid development of melon body, as well as no falling flowers, no crack melon, no falling melon and no deformed melon during the growth period. to the watermelon expansion period, the rhizome just extends to the two fertilizer application ditch, at this time the soil nutrients are sufficient, which is conducive to improve the quality and yield of watermelon.

IV. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

1. Sudden collapse disease: the seedling bed should pay attention to timely ventilation and control the amount of water in the seedling bed.

2. Fusarium wilt and anthrax: need to be planted at an interval of 4-5 years, do a good job of ditch cleaning and drainage, and find that the diseased plants should be pulled out in time, and can also be sprayed with 20% Shibaolin, 70% dimethazone, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder and so on.

3. Aphids, yellow gourds, ground tigers, red spiders, etc.: dimethoate, trichlorfon, dichlorvos and carbofuran can be sprayed and controlled respectively.