Planting technology and yield of oil sunflower

Planting techniques: oil sunflower can be sowed by hole sowing, strip sowing and on-demand sowing in April and June-July, apply sufficient base fertilizer after deep ploughing the soil, and replenish seedlings, inter-seedlings and proper pruning in the later stage. Generally, there is no need for topdressing, but in order to promote its rapid growth, urea can be applied once in the seedling stage and potash fertilizer can be applied after flowering. Pay attention to the timely use of caprylic acid EC to control insect pests and spray carbendazim to control diseases. Output: the output of oil sunflower per mu is about 400-500 jin.

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

1. Oil sunflower has a strong ability to adapt to the environment, and most of the soil can be planted, but it must be rotated reasonably when planting. In order to increase oil sunflower yield and reduce the incidence of disease, it is not suitable to plant repeatedly in a piece of soil. Under normal circumstances, the yield of oil sunflower per mu is about 400-500 jin.

1. Deep ploughing should be carried out before planting, which is beneficial to remove some residual bacteria, weeds and pests in the soil, and save labor for later management, and then apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly farm manure, about 2000 jin per mu, with a small amount of chemical fertilizer, so as to lay the foundation for high yield of oil sunflower.

Second, sowing seeds at the right time

1. Generally speaking, oil sunflower can be sowed for two seasons, the sowing time is in April and June-July of each year, and the average temperature in these two periods is about 10-15 ℃, which is beneficial to the development and growth of oil sunflower.

2. Oil sunflower can be sowed in three ways: strip sowing, hole sowing and on-demand sowing, and the most commonly used sowing method is on-demand sowing. The seeds are evenly sown according to the appropriate spacing on the land prepared in advance, and then the seeds are pressed into the soil. Cover a layer of fine soil, strip sowing is relatively cumbersome, should be ditched in the field in advance, and then sowed and covered with soil.

III. Post-management

1. Inspect the field regularly, if the seedlings are missing, separate the seedlings that are too dense in the field, and make them up in time, so as to ensure the full seedlings. In order to ensure a certain survival rate of transplanting, the seedlings should be watered immediately after the seedlings are replenished.

2. The seedlings were planted for about 7-10 days. In order to improve soil permeability and prevent nutrient loss, intermediate ploughing and weeding should be carried out properly, which is beneficial to the rapid growth of oil sunflower.

3. When the oil sunflower grows to a certain stage, the branches and leaves with relatively dense growth can be cut off properly, at the same time, the oil sunflower disk is smaller and the grains are not full, so as to keep the high-quality products.

4. Oil sunflower can bear fruit only by insect-assisted pollination, artificial pollination and wind-assisted pollination, so the suitable pollination method can be selected according to the specific planting area.

IV. Water and fertilizer management

1. After applying sufficient base fertilizer before planting, oil sunflower basically does not need topdressing, but in case of special circumstances, 1-2 times of fertilizer can be applied properly. Generally, in order to promote the rapid growth of sunflower seedlings, urea can be applied once in the seedling stage. apply potash fertilizer once after flowering.

2. Oil sunflower has a strong ability to resist drought. If it has not rained before flowering, it should be watered properly. In case of heavy rainfall, it should be drained in time to prevent diseases.

V. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The main pests of oil sunflower are weevil and ground tiger, which can be controlled by caprylic acid EC. The more common diseases are black spot and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which can be controlled by spraying carbendazim for 2-3 times.