Cultivation method of nutrient cup seedlings

Preparation of nutrient soil: nutrition cup seedlings can use 2 parts of soil topsoil without pathogen seeds and 1 part of rotten organic fertilizer to prepare nutrient soil, which can be put into a bowl after disinfection and sterilization, and then sow the soaked seeds into the bowl. Uncover the film and cover the film: it is necessary to uncover the film to prevent burning seedlings when the weather is hot, and to cover the film in time to prevent frost injury when the temperature is relatively low. Generally, the film can be uncovered at 9 am and re-covered at 5 pm. It is necessary to have time for seedlings after emergence, and do a good job in pest control.

I. the planting method of nutrition cup seedlings

1. Prepare nutritious soil

The main results are as follows: (1) two parts of soil topsoil which are fertile, loose, water-conserving, fertilizer-free, weed-free and pathogen-free, and one part of rotten organic fertilizer can be mixed and prepared with 1kg superphosphate per cubic meter of nutritious soil, and the nutritive soil can be sifted according to the appropriate proportion and sterilized in the sun.

(2) according to the commonly used standard bowl with a diameter of 11cm and a height of 10-12cm, each bowl needs 6-7 taels of nutritious soil, and 2-30% of the bulk soil needs to be used as seed-covering soil.

2. Nutrient soil disinfection

Before making the bowl, fungicides such as formalin or carbendazim 100 times liquid can be used to spray fine mist on the nutrient soil and cover the film for 2-3 days for disinfection and sterilization.

3. Load the soil into the bowl

During this period, you can make your own paper bag filling system, or you can use a commodity bowl to fill the soil, and after the nutrient soil is disinfected and sterilized, you can put the soil into the bowl after the smell of the medicine is dispelled. Generally, the nutrition bowl of watermelon should not be too small, with a diameter of more than 10cm and a height of 10-12cm, and it should not be too large. When loading the soil, you need to master the humidity of the nutrient soil, knead it into a ball by hand and fall to the ground. The bottom of the bowl needs to be tamped to avoid loosening, while the upper part of the bowl should be gently compacted. It is beneficial to the emergence of seeds.

4. Air defense bowl

Poor quality of cotton seeds and poor management of seedling beds will lead to lack of seedlings in empty bowls. During this period, rotten seeds and tender seeds can be removed before sowing, and then soaked in the sun for 2-3 days. When sowing, the bowls should be wet and soaked thoroughly. Soaking seeds with chemicals is helpful for seeds to absorb enough water. 1-2 seeds can be sowed in each bowl and covered with 1-1.5cm sand after sowing. The sand covering seeds needs to be fine and moist. It is beneficial to seed germination and soil emergence.

5. Burn-proof seedlings

After emergence, when the weather is clear, if you do not pay attention to timely ventilation, it will easily cause high temperature to burn seedlings, and in serious cases, it will also cause cotton seedlings to be scalded to death, so it is necessary to remove film ventilation to cool down to avoid high temperature around noon in sunny days and cause burning seedlings. The suitable temperature after emergence is 25 ℃-30 ℃.

6. Prevent cold damage

If the film is not covered in time after uncovering the film, when the temperature drops sharply, it is easy to make the cotton seedlings on the vents suffer frost damage, so after the cotton seedlings are unearthed to the 3-leaf stage, according to the change of air temperature, open both ends of the plastic film for ventilation seedlings, cloudy days do not need to uncover the film, when the average temperature is 16 ℃-18 ℃, you can open the night cover for refining seedlings, generally at 9 a.m. and re-cover the film at 5 p.m.

7. Defense vaccine

The main results are as follows: (1) under the condition of high temperature and high humidity in plastic film, nutrition bowl seedlings will grow rapidly, and if they are not managed properly, they will flourish and become line seedlings, so they can not reach the standard of strong seedlings, so one strong seedling can be left in each bowl after emergence and in time, so as to avoid crowding and growing.

(2) the seedlings can be properly ventilated, appropriate humidity and temperature can be adjusted to slow down the growth of seedlings, and strong seedling element can also be used during the period from cotyledon spreading to distraction stage. It is chosen to use 250x liquid strong seedling at noon on a sunny day. Or 4000-5000 times liquid Zhuang Su, regulating amine liquid spray cotton seedlings once, wait until the solution is dry and then cover with film to keep warm.

(3) the bowl can also be moved once when the first true leaf is unfolded, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature and humidity, restrain the growth of cotton seedlings and promote the development of lateral roots. if the cotton seedlings grow vigorously, the times of moving the bowl can be increased appropriately, and the fertilizer and water can be controlled.

8. Disease prevention

Cotton seedling common diseases are anthracnose and blight, if not timely control, will cause a large number of seedling death, during the seed, nutrition bowl soil, seed cover soil for disinfection, nutrition bowl and seed cover soil, can be prepared with 20% rice foot green wettable powder.

Matters needing attention in the application of grapes

The survival rate of grape seedlings cultivated in a nutrition bowl can be as high as 100%, and the slow seedling stage after transplanting is reduced, which is conducive to the rapid growth of grape seedlings, which can be raised and transplanted to establish a garden in the same year, and there will be a yield in the second year.

1. Insert preparation

Combined with winter pruning, the branches with high maturity, sturdy and full buds can be selected and cut to 2-3 buds and 15-20cm cuttings. During this period, the upper end of the cuttings should be cut into a flat mouth, and the lower end should be cut into an oblique mouth, with an average of 50 branches per bundle for sand storage.

2. Cuttings treatment and hotbed rooting

In Henan, sand cuttings can be taken out in January, with an average of 1 bundle for every 20 cuttings, the lower end of which is bumped together, and soaked in clean water for 24 hours, so that it can absorb enough water. After soaking the cuttings, soak the lower end of the cuttings with 100X10 (negative 6th power) ABT rooting powder for about 0.5-1 hour. After soaking, the cuttings are heated in an electric hotline hotbed to promote rooting, and wet sand is used to fill the cuttings gap to maintain a suitable temperature of 25-28 ℃.

3. Cultivation of nutritious bowl seedlings

After the rooting and germination rate of cuttings reached 95%, the cuttings were inserted into a nutrient body with a diameter of 10cm and a height of 20cm, and the nutrition bowl was filled with 1 part of rotten ring manure and 2 parts of fertile soil and wet sand as nutrient soil, and then the nutrition bowl seedlings were cultivated in a solar greenhouse.

In the slow seedling stage, shading should be carried out properly, the suitable temperature should be kept at about 25 ℃, the water holding capacity of nutritious soil should be kept at 60%, and fungicides should be sprayed to prevent diseases. Generally, the garden can be transplanted out of the nursery in the first ten days of April.