High yield techniques of towel gourd with a yield of 50,000 jin per mu

Sunlight greenhouse: can be in late january plug seedlings, seedlings age for about 35 days, and then in early february for planting, planting 50-55 days after harvest. Plastic greenhouse: According to the conditions of seedling and planting facilities, seedling can be carried out in the middle and late February, the seedling age is about 35 days, and then planted at the end of March. Harvest begins 50-55 days after planting. 3500-3700 plants can be planted per mu, and the average yield per mu can reach 50,000 jin.

I. Planting season

1. Solar greenhouse planting

The crop rotation is one big crop every year, and the seedlings can be planted in the late January, the seedling age is about 35 days, and then planted in the early February, and the harvest begins 50-55 days after planting, and the seedlings are pulled at the end of October or the beginning of November.

2. Plastic greenhouse planting

During this period, according to the conditions of seedling raising and planting facilities, seedling raising can be carried out in the middle and late February, the seedling age is about 35 days, then planting is carried out at the end of March, harvesting is started 50-55 days after planting, and seedling pulling is carried out at the end of October or early November.

II. Cultivated varieties

1. Through introduction and variety comparison, three excellent loofah varieties were selected, namely, Bilu 1, Nongfu 801 and Huangguan 3, which were more suitable for local facilities.

2. Among them, Bi-green No. 1 is early maturing, with strong adaptability, cold tolerance and good disease resistance; Nongfu 801 is early maturing variety; Crown No. 3 is early maturing and heat resistant variety.

3. According to the production characteristics and crop rotation of each place, the planting area of early-maturing, middle-maturing, cold-resistant and heat-resistant varieties can be reasonably arranged, the market supply period can be prolonged, and the contradiction between centralized harvesting and listing of single varieties and labor shortage can be alleviated.

III. Germination

Sunning seeds and soaking seeds, germinating in an environment with a temperature of 25 DEG C, sowing when 70 -80% of seeds are exposed to white.

IV. Sowing

1. Suitable for 50 holes or 54 holes, the substrate adopts melon seedling substrate with good water permeability and should not be loose when transplanting seedlings. If the substrate needs fertilizer, dissolve the fertilizer in water and stir evenly. If the fertilizer is directly added, it is easy to burn the sprouts. The substrate is sprinkled and stirred until the water content reaches 50%-60%.

2, the substrate evenly eat through the water began to load the plate, during the period pay attention to the substrate to be tight and consistent, scraping, with the bottom of another hole plate pressure has been filled with substrate on the hole plate, so that the substrate sinking about 0.5 cm, and then poured through the bottom water, the seeds flat in the seedling hole, if the seeds are placed vertically, more "wearing a cap" when emerging, can be used after the semi-moist vermiculite or mixed substrate cover scraping flat.

3, greenhouse greenhouse ground seedlings, need to prepare the nursery bed leveling, and irrigation water, to ensure the healthy growth of loofah seedlings in the later stage, after sowing, the hole plate in the nursery bed row, the surrounding and plate gap filled with soil, covered with plastic film, greenhouse and then set a small arch shed, conducive to heat preservation.

V. Seedling management

According to different seedling conditions and stages, protective measures, temperature and humidity management, pest control and seedling refinement work can be planted when the loofah seedlings have 3 leaves and 1 heart.

VI. Reasonable close planting

Wide and narrow row planting, wide row spacing of 80 cm, wide row middle groove, narrow row spacing of 60 cm, plant spacing of 25-28 cm, planting 1 plant per hole, planting 3500-3700 plants per mu.

VII. Laying drip irrigation equipment

Drip irrigation tape installation, should not use drip irrigation pipe, because drip irrigation pipe is easy to block, expensive, installation and disassembly labor, the main belt selection 2 inches (1 inch =3.33 cm) thick non-porous drip irrigation tape, branch belt selection 1 inch 5 holes drip irrigation tape, install the main belt and tee, connect the branch belt laid in the middle of each ridge, the main belt, branch belt tail folded 3 fold, and then cut a small amount of corresponding belt sleeve.

VIII. Greenhouse fully covered with inner film

After fixing the drip irrigation belt, covering the whole ground in the greenhouse with 0. 8 m wide black plastic film from north to south is beneficial to reduce water evaporation, reduce humidity and disease occurrence in the greenhouse, improve soil temperature, maintain soil moisture and avoid weeds. It is a necessary measure to ensure efficient and safe production of loofah and plant loofah in large stubble and close planting facilities.

IX. Temperature and water and fertilizer management

1. After planting, it is necessary to close the shed for heat preservation and moisture preservation, which is conducive to increasing the temperature and promoting the slow seedling. The temperature control shall not exceed 35℃. The temperature shall be properly adjusted to be uncovered and the light time shall be extended as much as possible. Usually, after 7 days of slow seedling, the temperature shall be appropriately reduced. The temperature control shall not exceed 30℃ during the day.

2, facilities close planting loofah fruit ability is strong, high yield, large fertilizer requirements, strong fertilizer absorption capacity, can apply 1000 kg decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, 45% ternary compound fertilizer 100 kg as base fertilizer, irrigation with drip irrigation under the film, irrigation after planting, planting water, slow seedling period do not water, promote root growth, slow seedling to sit melon before appropriate water control, promote melon seedling stability long.

3. After flowering and fruit setting, fertilize with water, water in time according to weather conditions and soil moisture after entering the peak period of fruit, usually fertilize with water once every 7-10 days, and apply urea 10 kg or compound fertilizer 30 kg per mu in rotation.

X. Plant Adjustment

1. The vine is 30 cm long for hanging, and hemp rope is used to hang the vine. One end is tied tightly with a wooden strip about 10 cm long. The wooden strip is inserted into the soil near the base and fixed, and the vine is lightly wound; the other end is tied to the iron wire on the planting row, and the live buckle is fastened so as to drop the vine. With the extension of stem and vine and melon harvest, it is necessary to drop vine and dish vine for many times, and the height of hanging vine should not exceed iron wire.

2. It is necessary to remove the old branches and leaves in time, reduce mutual shading, ensure that the plants receive uniform light, top the first melon after sitting, cultivate a lateral branch to grow and keep the melon, and then continuously top and drop the vine, and promote the lateral vine to bear melon.

XI. Output

In recent years, the facility loofah planting technology has been demonstrated and popularized. By adopting this technology in 2015 and 2016, the average yield per mu of facility loofah can reach 50000 jin, which effectively improves the yield and quality of loofah in this area and increases the economic income of farmers.