It is necessary to deepen the cooperation of grain production and marketing in order to get rid of inventory.

On December 18, a number of grain processing enterprises in Jilin City, Jilin Province came to Beijing to promote this year's newly listed rice. This is the second time that Jilin City has come to Beijing to promote rice. The grain production and marketing cooperation between Jilin City and Beijing gives full play to the resources advantages of the main grain producing areas and the market resources advantages of the main selling areas, and makes a beneficial exploration for deepening grain production and marketing cooperation and promoting grain regional balance.

At present, grain production areas in China are becoming more and more concentrated, with grain production in 13 major production areas accounting for more than 75% of the country's total output, and commodity grain supply areas are highly concentrated. The regional contradiction between producing areas and sales areas is becoming more and more prominent. For the main producing areas, grain stocks are high, considering how to sell grain, reduce the pressure of collection and storage, and protect the interests of farmers; for the main selling areas, consider how to master enough high-quality grain to ensure regional food security. Deepening cooperation in grain production and marketing and promoting regional grain balance are conducive to solving the problem of high grain stocks in major producing areas.

China's grain production has achieved "twelve consecutive increases" this year, and domestic grain stocks are abundant. Major grain producing areas such as Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia, as the "reservoirs" of grain in our country, are facing tremendous pressure on grain storage. Deepening cooperation in grain production and marketing is a very effective means to alleviate the pressure on storage capacity in major producing areas. After the complete liberalization of grain purchase and marketing in 2004, in addition to the planned allocation by the state, the main producing and selling areas mainly realized the docking of grain production and marketing through market means, established a cooperative relationship of equal cooperation and mutual benefit, and promoted the regional balance of grain.

In the current situation of high grain stocks, major producing areas such as Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia actively enter the main selling areas to promote their own high-quality agricultural products. For the main grain selling areas, food security is always a "sword of Damocles" hanging over its head. In order to ensure regional food security, major sales areas such as Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Fujian, Chongqing and Yunnan have entered the main producing areas and established production and marketing cooperation bases. the simple relationship between supply and demand between production and marketing areas has been gradually developed into a cooperation mode of supply chain management. Ju Yongping, chief economist of Jilin Grain Bureau, said that in order to solve the inventory pressure, they used preferential policies to attract enterprises from major sales areas such as Beijing, Chongqing and Yunnan to Jilin to carry out grain collection and storage business. the investment projects of enterprises in the sales area will be included in the overall construction plan of the province's warehousing facilities, and enjoy the state subsidy policy for investment and warehouse construction in the province. After the completion of the grain storage project of non-local enterprises, those who meet the requirements for the purchase of grain by the state policy shall be allowed to undertake the purchase of grain by the state policy.

Beijing is a very large grain selling area, with a grain self-sufficiency rate of only 10% and more than 90% of the grain needs to be transferred to other countries. Beijing Grain Group is the main carrier to ensure the emergency supply of grain in Beijing. Since 2006, Beijing Grain Group has gone deep into the main grain producing areas to build more than 220 grain source bases, with a raw grain conversion capacity of 4.5 million tons. At present, the grain source base and industrial base of Beijing Grain Group cover the main grain producing areas such as Northeast, North China, Northwest and Yangtze River Delta, and the ability to ensure the food supply of the capital is increasing.

At present, there is a realistic obstacle to deepening cooperation in production and marketing areas, that is, grain prices at home and abroad are seriously upside down. The root cause of grain price upside down is that China has implemented the minimum purchase price policy and temporary storage policy for many years. In the case of low international grain prices, China's grain prices have been rising steadily, and international grain prices are far lower than domestic grain prices, affecting the enthusiasm of enterprises in selling areas to buy grain in producing areas. This leads to the conversion of the inventory that should be borne by the sales area into the inventory of the production area. A large amount of grain exists in producing areas rather than marketing areas, which is not conducive to ensuring food security in marketing areas.

At present, in order to alleviate the pressure of storage capacity in the main producing areas and promote the balance of grain production and marketing, first of all, it is necessary to continue to deepen the reform of the grain circulation system and further improve the grain price formation mechanism and storage policies. While continuing to implement the minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice in 2016, we will improve the subsidy policy for corn and soybeans, improve the grain procurement and storage policy, and persist in determining the purchase and storage price in accordance with the principle of being close to the market and ensuring the reasonable income of farmers.

Secondly, the main selling areas should assume more responsibility for grain reserves. On the issue of ensuring national food security, the central and local governments should divide the power, the central government should do a good job of central reserves, and local governments should do a good job of local reserves. Major selling areas such as Shaanxi, Gansu, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang should strictly implement local reserves according to the amount of grain reserves approved by the state, so as to achieve a balanced distribution of grain reserves. Increasing the scale of grain reserves in the main selling areas not only helps to improve the ability of emergency grain supply in the main selling areas, but also helps to alleviate the problem of large inventory pressure in the main producing areas, which really plays the role of "killing two birds with one stone".