What kind of plant is Ramie? What are the cultivation techniques?

Ramie is one of the important fiber crops in ancient China, which has a long history and is generally planted on mountain flat land, gentle slope land, hilly land or plain impact soil. What kind of plant is Ramie? What are the cultivation techniques?

What kind of plant is Ramie?

In our understanding, Ramie is a commonly used clothing crop in ancient times. In fact, Ramie is full of treasure. Ramie leaf is a kind of feed with high protein content and rich nutrition. Ramie root contains the medicinal ingredients of "Ramie acid", which has the functions of tonifying yin, calming the fetus, treating prenatal and postpartum annoyance, and treating eczema and so on. Hemp bone can be used as a raw material for papermaking, or to make fibreboard for a variety of purposes, such as furniture and panels. Hemp bones can also make wine and sugar. Hemp shell can be degummed and extracted fiber for textile, papermaking or ship repair fillers. The flax shell scraped off the fresh flax skin can extract furfural, which is not only a refined solution in the chemical industry, but also a resin plastic. Because in fact, China's unique textile as the main use of crops, is China's national treasure, known as "Chinese grass" in the world.

Second, what are the cultivation techniques of Ramie?

1. Choose a place to build a garden

Ramie is a temperature-loving short-day plant, which is more suitable for planting in temperate and subtropical climates, so it is best to choose areas with leeward direction and good drainage, but the intensity of light should not be too strong, and the low water level below 1 meter should not be planted. It can adapt to sandy soil to clay soil, but the soil with loose soil grows best.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings

There are many propagation methods of Ramie, the common one is root propagation, but at that time there are perennial old plants as the premise, just planting or choose the method of sowing and propagation. The sowing time is from early March to early April. Choose the market conditions as the seedbed, apply sufficient basic fertilizer, rake fine and level the seeds. Generally, the germination rate of sowing is 30%, and the sowing amount per mu is about 1 jin. When sowing, sow seeds with fine mud or plant ash, pour water once before sowing, cover a layer of fine soil and plant ash after sowing, and then cover a layer of rice straw and crop straw, heat preservation and moisture. After sowing, keep the soil moist, after emergence, with the growth of seedlings, gradually remove the mulch, wait for the seedlings to grow 6 true leaves can be removed completely.

3. Weeding between seedlings

Transplanting seedlings in time in seedling stage can make seedlings grow rapidly and increase yield. Generally, the seedlings should be interspersed once during the period of 4 leaves and the second time with 6 leaves. The plant spacing is 4-5cm, and 400-500 plants can be planted per square meter. At the same time, diseased plants and weak seedlings can be removed, weeds can be removed, and pesticides can be sprayed to control diseases and insect pests. During this period, there are 1-2 times of intertillage to loosen the soil in time, once in the budding stage, shallow ploughing to assist sprouting, and a layer of 4-5cm ploughing in the closed period.

4. Fertilizer and water management

After the mulch is removed, the soil should be often watered to keep the soil moist, and appropriate fertilization can be combined with watering at the 3-4 leaf stage. At this time, some urine fertilizer can be applied appropriately, once a week, 2-3 times. When the seedlings grow to about 20cm, it is necessary to apply seedling fertilizer to promote the rapid growth of seedlings, and pay attention to a long stalk fertilizer around 60cm. Fertilizer is generally dominated by human and animal feces and urine, cake fertilizer or urea. Generally, human and animal manure and urine farm fertilizer 1000kg, cake fertilizer 100kg and urea 20kg are applied per mu, and a small amount of boron fertilizer can be applied in the peak growing season to increase yield.

5. Harvest

Ramie is a crop harvested many times, the first harvest is in late May or early June, the first harvest is early, which promotes the early development of Ramie, and the above work is repeated after harvest. The same interseedling weeding and fertilizer and water management, the second hemp is usually in late July, after harvest, ploughing, weeding and fertilization, but also pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests to promote the healthy growth of the three hemp. In the growing season in late summer and early autumn, the disease is more serious and the climate changes greatly. In addition to diseases and insect pests, there are also summer drought, autumn drought and flood prevention measures. San Ma can be harvested in late October or early November.