Fruit of grafted Castanea mollissima trees for several years

Chestnut tree is a common kind of nut tree in daily life. It matures and goes on the market in large numbers around the Mid-Autumn Festival. Now it is planted in many areas. How many years does the grafted chestnut tree bear fruit?

First, how many years does the grafted chestnut tree bear fruit?

Grafted chestnut trees generally begin to bear fruit in 2-3 years, and enter the peak fruiting period after about 20 years. The fruiting period is from August to October, and the fruit is spherical in involucre, with sharp hairy spines on the outside, containing 2-3 nuts and splitting into 4 valves at maturity. The nuts are dark brown with yellowish flesh inside.

Second, how to graft chestnut trees?

1. Grafting time

From late May to early June, the time is about 15 days.

2. Grafting method

(1) insert skin graft. Also known as subcutaneous grafting, is a method of inserting scions into the cambium of rootstocks. Lower the knife 3-5 cm away from the lower end of the scion, cut a Mal-shaped cutting surface, the upper part goes deep into the xylem and cut down 2 places, the back is not cut for the best, just sharpen the head. Keep 2 full buds at the top of each scion. In general, small rootstocks are cut 10-15 cm from the ground, 50-100 cm from the ground with a saw, and the saw surface should be flattened. Then pull a knife longitudinally in the smooth part of the rootstock tree, deep into the xylem, 1-2 cm long, and then insert the scion into the cambium of the longitudinal incision, and the scion on the upper part of the interface exposes the wound 0.5 cm. After the scion is inserted, tie it with a plastic strip that is 3-4 cm wide and 40 cm long. If the rootstock is thick, 2-3 scions can be inserted in one section, which is beneficial to the wound healing of the rootstock.

(2) subcutaneous abdominal connection. It is a method of grafting in the abdomen of the rootstock, and it is also a method of inserting the scion into the subcutaneous cambium of the rootstock. In the case of multi-head high grafting, in addition to the truncated grafting of the end of the large rootstock, the bare branches can be ventrally grafted in order to increase the number of inner branches. The method is to cut a T-shaped incision on the bark of the rootstock. The bark above the cut is sloped to facilitate scion insertion. The scion length is 20cm, the cutting surface is longer, the surface is smooth, and the front end is sharpened. After the scion is inserted, the wound can be bound with a plastic strip. The above two methods can only be used after the flow of sap.

(3) splicing. Suitable for small rootstocks in the nursery. The scion is cut straightly on both sides 4-5 cm from the lower end to make the scion wedge-shaped. The rootstock is cut with scissors 5 cm above the ground, cut flat at once, split the rootstock in the middle with a knife, insert the scion when the knife is pulled out from the split, at least one side of the cambium is aligned from top to bottom, and the scion wound is exposed about 0.5 cm. Then wrap the wound with plastic strips.

(4) joint method. It is a grafting method that combines the wound of the rootstock and the scion. It is suitable for the grafting of young trees in the nursery with simple method and high survival rate. The method is to cut off the rootstock near the ground and cut a slope of basically equal size to each scion (when the rootstock is thick, the rootstock is cut less and the scion surface is larger, so that the wound size is basically the same), and then the wounds on both sides are put together and bandaged with plastic strips.