The commodity attribute of farmers' homestead should be recognized.

In order to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, it is the key to solve the problems of farmers and rural development. If the countryside does not develop, and if the peasants do not get rich, the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way will fail.

The long-term existence of urban-rural dual structure in China is an important factor in the lag of rural development for a long time. The formation of urban-rural dual structure has complex institutional mechanisms, one of which is a very important aspect. It is difficult to turn the assets in the hands of farmers into capital.

Due to the limitation of China's land system, the cultivated land, homestead, houses and other non-agricultural construction land contracted by farmers are very difficult to circulate under normal circumstances, which means that these assets of farmers cannot be transformed into capital. it is difficult to mortgage and realize capital operation, and the property income of farmers will be reduced. In contrast, the land of farmers in the suburbs of some cities has been requisitioned for development, received a large amount of compensation and become rich overnight, which is actually a distorted reflection of the transformation of farmers' assets into capital.

Chongqing set up a rural land exchange in 2008 to conduct a pilot project of land ticket trading. Over the past seven years, farmers have withdrawn from homestead and sold more than 200,000 mu of land, adding more than 70,000 mu of arable land, thus increasing farmers' income and meeting the demand for urban construction land. The per capita share of construction land in rural areas is 3.5 times that in cities. The national rural construction land is 253 million mu, it can be said that the greatest potential of China's land resources lies in the rural homestead. The housing of urban residents can be exchanged for commodities, while the housing of rural residents can not enter the market, which limits the increase of property income of rural residents and causes the greatest inequality between urban and rural residents. According to the pilot project in Chongqing, based on the average transaction price of 200000 per mu, the market price of rural homestead across the country is about 50 trillion yuan. Considering the remote areas far away from the city, according to the average price of 100000 yuan per mu, there is also 25 trillion yuan nationwide. If this red envelope is given to farmers, the gap between urban and rural areas will be greatly reduced, and there is great hope of building a moderately prosperous society in rural areas. The bulging of farmers' pockets will increase their spending power and expand domestic demand, which can also be used as a major measure to reverse the economic downturn at present.

The "decision" of the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly put forward: "to give farmers the right to own, use, benefit, transfer and contract management of contracted land to develop industrialized operation. We will encourage the transfer of contractual management rights to large professional households, family farms, farmers' cooperatives and agricultural enterprises in the open market, and develop various forms of scale operation." According to the spirit of the decision of the central government, the ownership of rural land, the right of contract and the right of management are separated, the ownership belongs to the collective, the right to contract belongs to farmers, and the operation is liberalized, which plays a positive role in promoting the transformation of farmers' assets into capital. Land management right, as the biggest asset of farmers in the past, has been transferred in many places in the past, but it has not achieved remarkable results, and it has also caused controversy over the issuance of agricultural subsidies. Therefore, the key also depends on whether the transferee of the land flow and the hypothecated creditor can accept and approve the security and liquidity of the transfer, and whether the dispute can be settled. At the present stage, we must always pay attention to the results of this reform and make a summary and judgment in time, because it is related to the improvement of farmers' property income, to the smooth development of agriculture, and then to the achievement of the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.

Another problem closely related to increasing farmers' income is how the vast number of migrant workers who enter the city increase their income and how to settle down in the city. Although China has made great achievements in the construction of urbanization in the past decade, the reform of the fiscal and taxation system is not in place, resulting in abnormally high house prices, difficult for people to buy houses based on normal wage income, crowding out consumption power and so on. To solve this malpractice, of course, the next step is to comprehensively deepen the reform, but for migrant workers in the short term, to enable them to gain a firm foothold in the city, in addition to improving the relevant supporting systems, the most direct and effective thing is that they can realize the transfer of rural homestead and housing and then realize the purchase of housing in the city. Therefore, corresponding changes should be made in this respect. On the basis of unified registration of real estate and sound property tax, recognizing the commodity attributes of farmers' homestead and housing is an important channel to increase farmers' property income.